feat(agent): report the configuration to the API (remote_config off/report)

[ccf-lisa]

Part 8/11 of the split of #95 (agent remote configuration) into a stack. Review it as the diff against its base branch.

With api.auth credentials the agent now tells the API what it runs:

• remote_config (set locally only: file, host env, CLI; R30) selects the
  mode. With credentials and no mode it is report; without credentials it
  is always off (R29). CCF_REMOTE_CONFIG_MODE sets it without a block.
• In report mode the reconciler sends a config report (hostname, agent
  version, base and effective config, digest, warnings, plugins with their
  agent library version) at startup and whenever it changes, resends it
  after a send error or after 24h, and honours the API's error table:
  404/401/403 back off 10 minutes, 409 pauses reports for an hour, 413
  resends it with the base dropped (R8, R36).
• base and effective are the unresolved forms, redacted by the API's
  agentconfig rules plus the plugin values that came from CCF_PLUGINS_*
  variables; the effective digest uses the same masking, so it never
  changes when a secret rotates (R24, R25, R55).
• The heartbeat carries the applied revision (0 for the file) and the
  effective digest unless the mode is off (R11, R45).
• main passes the goreleaser version to the report.

The apply modes are accepted and reported, but fetching and applying an
overlay lands in the next PR; until then they run the file only.

The report-resend and fetch/409 backoff tests need an overlay to change the report, so they land with #110.

Size: 954 lines changed (go.mod/go.sum excluded). Builds, vets, is gofmt-clean and passes go test -race ./... on its own; the top of the stack is byte-identical to #95 merged with main.

Stack

1. test: pin agent configuration hashes and evidence seeds #101 test: pin agent configuration hashes and evidence seeds
2. feat(runner): policy source from the _policy_path label; extra evidence props #102 feat(runner): policy source from the _policy_path label; extra evidence props
3. refactor(config): adopt api/pkg/agentconfig as the declared config #103 refactor(config): adopt api/pkg/agentconfig as the declared config
4. feat(agent): stable instance ID and per-instance state directory #104 feat(agent): stable instance ID and per-instance state directory
5. feat(agent): AgentRunner primitives for prepare-then-cancel reloads #105 feat(agent): AgentRunner primitives for prepare-then-cancel reloads
6. feat(agent): prepare-then-cancel config file reloads #106 feat(agent): prepare-then-cancel config file reloads
7. feat(pluginlib): read the agent library version a plugin binary was built with #107 feat(pluginlib): read the agent library version a plugin binary was built with
8. 👉 feat(agent): report the configuration to the API (remote_config off/report) #108 feat(agent): report the configuration to the API (remote_config off/report)
9. feat(agentstate): persisted cache for the remote configuration overlay #109 feat(agentstate): persisted cache for the remote configuration overlay
10. feat(agent): pull and apply remote configuration overlays (apply_safe/apply_all) #110 feat(agent): pull and apply remote configuration overlays (apply_safe/apply_all)
11. feat(config): ${env:NAME} placeholders in plugin config; ADR 0003 #111 feat(config): ${env:NAME} placeholders in plugin config; ADR 0003

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[gusfcarvalho]

ccf-review: APPROVE

no findings.

Stack (gh stack 112): #101 → #102 → #103 → #104 → #105 → #106 → #107 → #108 → #109 → #110 → #111

Fixed later in the stack

• CORE-TEST-001 in cmd/report.go: fixed in #110

[ccf-lisa]

PR approved. Marking ready for e2e.