Fix Postgres step lifecycle event ordering

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

Fixes #2331 by writing Postgres step lifecycle entity updates and their event-log entries in the same transaction, so the step row lock serializes concurrent lifecycle writers until the log entry is durable.

Also allocates Postgres-backed event ids inside the protected lifecycle path and re-enables the previously skipped Postgres e2e regression coverage.

Testing

• node_modules/.bin/tsc --noEmit -p packages/world-postgres/tsconfig.json
• node_modules/.bin/biome check --diagnostic-level=error packages/world-postgres/src/storage.ts packages/world-postgres/test/storage.test.ts packages/core/e2e/e2e.test.ts packages/world-postgres/src/drizzle/migrations/0015_add_workflow_events_order_sequence.sql packages/world-postgres/src/drizzle/migrations/meta/_journal.json .changeset/step-lifecycle-pg-transaction.md
• ../../node_modules/.bin/vitest run test/storage.test.ts src/reenqueue.test.ts src/util.test.ts src/queue.test.ts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-postgres build

[vercel]

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		Jun 30, 2026 11:39pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 766e059

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch

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[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	1123	319	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
❌ 📋 Other	857	30	177	1064
Total	6947	349	1064	8360

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (319 failed)

astro (22 failed):

• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

example (22 failed):

• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

express (17 failed):

• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

fastify (36 failed):

• AbortController abortTimeoutWorkflow: timeout cancels long-running step
• AbortController abortFromStepWorkflow: step abort cancels an in-flight sibling step
• AbortController abortAlreadyAbortedWorkflow: pre-aborted signal seen by step
• AbortController abortReasonWorkflow: abort reason preserved across boundaries
• AbortController abortAfterCompletionWorkflow: abort after step completes is a no-op
• AbortController abortViaHookWorkflow: external hook triggers abort on in-flight step
• AbortController abortExternalSignalWorkflow: signal passed as workflow input
• AbortController abortExternalSignalInFlightWorkflow: external abort fires mid-flight, propagates to nested steps
• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortSurvivesReplayWorkflow: controller state consistent across replay
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedWorkflow: throwIfAborted causes FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortReasonTypesWorkflow: various abort reason types propagate correctly
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchWorkflow: if-check takes same path on first-run and replay
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

hono (28 failed):

• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortSurvivesReplayWorkflow: controller state consistent across replay
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedWorkflow: throwIfAborted causes FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchWorkflow: if-check takes same path on first-run and replay
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

nextjs-turbopack (41 failed):

• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KWDFXAVWFQSAHF61JJBNPHCQ | 🔍 observability
• errorSubclassRoundTripWorkflow - first-class Error subclasses survive every serialization boundary | wrun_01KWDFXH4HTJD22FFWTNKRHNP4 | 🔍 observability
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KWDFXKKF6FYJHGEZ7JK080TJ | 🔍 observability
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KWDFXSMZ0AANDHWV95Q6SM5C | 🔍 observability
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KWDFXZ3TSRECMGTM4NZEV3BR | 🔍 observability
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KWDFY7RQXDZCYXGT5M3Y13VT | 🔍 observability
• hookWithSleepFinalStepWorkflow - step only on final payload | wrun_01KWDFYNGXF6V0GSS2WR1MTYP3 | 🔍 observability
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KWDFYZCGYF3Z1HC6BN57QQZ0 | 🔍 observability
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KWDFZ94PC9FJY9M87P1YA4DM | 🔍 observability
• AbortController abortTimeoutWorkflow: timeout cancels long-running step
• AbortController abortParallelWorkflow: abort cancels all parallel steps
• AbortController abortFromStepWorkflow: step abort cancels an in-flight sibling step
• AbortController abortReasonWorkflow: abort reason preserved across boundaries
• AbortController abortAfterCompletionWorkflow: abort after step completes is a no-op
• AbortController abortViaHookWorkflow: external hook triggers abort on in-flight step
• AbortController abortExternalSignalWorkflow: signal passed as workflow input
• AbortController abortExternalSignalInFlightWorkflow: external abort fires mid-flight, propagates to nested steps
• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortSurvivesReplayWorkflow: controller state consistent across replay
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedWorkflow: throwIfAborted causes FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortReasonTypesWorkflow: various abort reason types propagate correctly
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchWorkflow: if-check takes same path on first-run and replay
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting

nextjs-webpack (26 failed):

• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchWorkflow: if-check takes same path on first-run and replay
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

nitro (28 failed):

• AbortController abortExternalSignalWorkflow: signal passed as workflow input
• AbortController abortExternalSignalInFlightWorkflow: external abort fires mid-flight, propagates to nested steps
• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortSurvivesReplayWorkflow: controller state consistent across replay
• AbortController abortReasonTypesWorkflow: various abort reason types propagate correctly
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchWorkflow: if-check takes same path on first-run and replay
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

nuxt (33 failed):

• AbortController abortAfterCompletionWorkflow: abort after step completes is a no-op
• AbortController abortViaHookWorkflow: external hook triggers abort on in-flight step
• AbortController abortExternalSignalWorkflow: signal passed as workflow input
• AbortController abortExternalSignalInFlightWorkflow: external abort fires mid-flight, propagates to nested steps
• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedWorkflow: throwIfAborted causes FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortReasonTypesWorkflow: various abort reason types propagate correctly
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchWorkflow: if-check takes same path on first-run and replay
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

sveltekit (32 failed):

• AbortController abortAlreadyAbortedWorkflow: pre-aborted signal seen by step
• AbortController abortReasonWorkflow: abort reason preserved across boundaries
• AbortController abortAfterCompletionWorkflow: abort after step completes is a no-op
• AbortController abortViaHookWorkflow: external hook triggers abort on in-flight step
• AbortController abortExternalSignalWorkflow: signal passed as workflow input
• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortSurvivesReplayWorkflow: controller state consistent across replay
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedWorkflow: throwIfAborted causes FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortReasonTypesWorkflow: various abort reason types propagate correctly
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

vite (34 failed):

• AbortController abortParallelWorkflow: abort cancels all parallel steps
• AbortController abortFromStepWorkflow: step abort cancels an in-flight sibling step
• AbortController abortAlreadyAbortedWorkflow: pre-aborted signal seen by step
• AbortController abortReasonWorkflow: abort reason preserved across boundaries
• AbortController abortAfterCompletionWorkflow: abort after step completes is a no-op
• AbortController abortViaHookWorkflow: external hook triggers abort on in-flight step
• AbortController abortExternalSignalWorkflow: signal passed as workflow input
• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortSurvivesReplayWorkflow: controller state consistent across replay
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedWorkflow: throwIfAborted causes FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortReasonTypesWorkflow: various abort reason types propagate correctly
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchWorkflow: if-check takes same path on first-run and replay
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G | 🔍 observability
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39 | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX | 🔍 observability
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG | 🔍 observability
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesWorkflow: workflow-body calls append native attr_set events and merge correctly
• experimental_setAttributes experimentalSetAttributesInsideStepWorkflow: step-body calls append attributed native events
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes Promise.all of disjoint-key writes: every key lands
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

📋 Other (30 failed)

e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start (30 failed):

• AbortController abortViaHookWorkflow: external hook triggers abort on in-flight step
• AbortController abortExternalSignalWorkflow: signal passed as workflow input
• AbortController abortExternalSignalInFlightWorkflow: external abort fires mid-flight, propagates to nested steps
• AbortController abortAnyInWorkflowWorkflow: AbortSignal.any composes signals inside the workflow VM
• AbortController abortAnyInStepWorkflow: AbortSignal.any inside a step composes deserialized signals
• AbortController abortSurvivesReplayWorkflow: controller state consistent across replay
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedWorkflow: throwIfAborted causes FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortReasonTypesWorkflow: various abort reason types propagate correctly
• AbortController abortFetchUncaughtWorkflow: uncaught fetch AbortError is FatalError, no retries
• AbortController abortFetchInFlightWorkflow: aborting cancels an in-flight fetch
• AbortController abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow: documented void sleep().then(abort) pattern works
• AbortController abortListenerWorkflow: signal.addEventListener fires on the deserialized step signal
• AbortController abortThrowIfAbortedMidFlightWorkflow: throwIfAborted in a polling loop bails when abort fires
• AbortController abortDeterministicBranchFromStepWorkflow: branches stay consistent when abort comes from a step
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-abort-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [listener-first-hook-first]: addEventListener → hook.then → resumeHook → abort()
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-abort-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → abort() → resumeHook
• AbortController abortHookOrderingWorkflow [hook-first-hook-first]: hook.then → addEventListener → resumeHook → abort()
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KWDG0BAHB9V2GHMMQB34S96G
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KWDG11H5ZEAD0ZA0NJMJHVEA
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KWDG13VEH2WVRBX950R9MR39
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KWDG16RVV5X2DZ6FKF4D2M2X
• distributedAbortController - manual abort triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0KW05EDD9WWC600EEP0J
• distributedAbortController - TTL expiration triggers signal | wrun_01KWDG0JWC50WP936PFAWDH4PX
• distributedAbortController - reconnect to existing controller | wrun_01KWDG0S9VK50K5NNJ3FXP3VYG
• experimental_setAttributes start: initial attributes are seeded on run creation
• experimental_setAttributes start: reserved-prefix initial attributes are seeded with allowReservedAttributes
• experimental_setAttributes fire-and-forget: void experimental_setAttributes lands without awaiting
• experimental_setAttributes workflow throws after awaited setAttributes: attribute still persists on the failed run
• experimental_setAttributes validation DX: invalid writes throw catchable FatalErrors naming rule and limit

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	103	22	27
❌ example	103	22	27
❌ express	108	17	27
❌ fastify	89	36	27
❌ hono	97	28	27
❌ nextjs-turbopack	108	41	3
❌ nextjs-webpack	123	26	3
❌ nitro	97	28	27
❌ nuxt	92	33	27
❌ sveltekit	112	32	8
❌ vite	91	34	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

❌ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
❌ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	95	30	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.044s (-4.8%)	1.008s (~)	0.964s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.046s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.957s	10	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.060s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.014s (-2.5%)	0.954s	10	1.37x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.064s (+2.4%)	1.014s (~)	0.949s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.066s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.946s	10	1.51x

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.081s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.925s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.922s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.090s (+0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-1.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.094s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.099s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.912s	10	1.02x

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.426s (-0.6%)	11.023s (~)	0.596s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.445s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.576s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.461s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.561s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.500s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.521s (+1.2%)	11.021s (~)	0.500s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.562s (+1.0%)	11.019s (~)	0.457s	3	1.01x

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.540s (-1.4%)	14.029s (~)	0.489s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.608s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.419s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.664s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.362s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.700s (+0.5%)	14.021s (~)	0.321s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.744s (+0.5%)	14.022s (~)	0.278s	5	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.748s (+0.7%)	14.021s (~)	0.273s	5	1.02x

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	12.044s (-1.1%)	12.882s (-1.1%)	0.838s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.110s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.916s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.174s (~)	13.024s (~)	0.850s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.199s (-2.3%)	13.019s (~)	0.820s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.306s (-1.0%)	13.016s (+0.8%)	0.711s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.504s (+2.5%)	13.020s (~)	0.517s	7	1.04x

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.194s (-0.6%)	2.007s (~)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.203s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.010s (-1.5%)	0.806s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.215s (+2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.793s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.360s (-2.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.646s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.585s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.429s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.577s	15	1.20x

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.354s (+2.4%)	2.295s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.941s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.355s (+1.8%)	2.677s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.323s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.385s (+2.2%)	2.224s (-3.9%)	0.840s	14	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.243s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.918s (-6.2% 🟢)	0.674s	11	1.66x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.356s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-3.2%)	0.653s	10	1.74x
💻 Local	Express	2.650s (+2.6%)	3.109s (+3.3%)	0.458s	10	1.96x

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.769s (+11.3% 🔺)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.368s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.782s (+12.2% 🔺)	4.871s (+21.4% 🔺)	3.089s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.090s (+124.7% 🔺)	7.521s (+53.8% 🔺)	3.431s	4	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.602s (-25.2% 🟢)	5.012s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.410s	6	2.60x
💻 Local	Express	4.762s (-28.5% 🟢)	5.179s (-30.2% 🟢)	0.418s	6	2.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.781s (-39.0% 🟢)	5.180s (-35.4% 🟢)	0.399s	6	2.70x

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.207s (+3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.802s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s (+2.1%)	2.009s (~)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.310s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.075s (+3.4%)	0.765s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.423s (-1.6%)	2.007s (~)	0.584s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.423s (+3.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.584s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.456s (+1.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	15	1.21x

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.323s (+0.7%)	2.153s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.830s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.365s (-2.9%)	2.828s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.463s	11	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.399s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.077s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.425s (-8.1% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.584s	10	1.83x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.460s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.548s	10	1.86x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.481s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.009s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.527s	10	1.88x

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.667s (+4.7%)	4.011s (-3.0%)	2.344s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.818s (+10.5% 🔺)	4.297s (~)	2.479s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.370s (+29.3% 🔺)	6.215s (+18.8% 🔺)	2.846s	5	2.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.481s (-30.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-23.4% 🟢)	1.199s	6	2.69x
💻 Local	Express	5.162s (-18.5% 🟢)	6.014s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.852s	5	3.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.584s (-12.3% 🟢)	6.214s (-13.9% 🟢)	0.630s	5	3.35x

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.567s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.438s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.573s (-5.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.433s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.580s (+5.0%)	1.041s (+3.4%)	0.461s	58	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.583s (-4.0%)	1.024s (-2.7%)	0.440s	59	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.608s (-8.0% 🟢)	1.005s (-5.0%)	0.397s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.610s (+8.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.414s	59	1.08x

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-2.6%)	2.008s (-1.1%)	0.692s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.376s (+4.8%)	2.009s (-2.2%)	0.632s	45	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.392s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.030s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.638s	45	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.464s (+4.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.542s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.475s (+3.2%)	2.028s (+1.1%)	0.553s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.550s (+4.1%)	2.028s (+1.1%)	0.478s	45	1.18x

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.612s (-0.7%)	3.034s (-1.7%)	0.422s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.747s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.010s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.264s	40	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.918s (+12.1% 🔺)	3.344s (+10.2% 🔺)	0.425s	36	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	3.150s (+5.5% 🔺)	3.821s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.671s	32	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.258s (+2.5%)	3.912s (-0.8%)	0.654s	31	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.334s (+4.2%)	4.042s (+0.8%)	0.708s	30	1.28x

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.199s (-13.9% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.808s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.225s (+1.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.781s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.227s (+5.6% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.780s	60	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	0.514s (+14.2% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.491s	60	2.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.531s (+23.6% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.473s	60	2.67x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.585s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.419s	60	2.94x

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.360s (+8.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.646s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.367s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.640s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s (+17.5% 🔺)	1.041s (+2.0%)	0.668s	87	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.399s (+24.7% 🔺)	3.009s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.610s	30	6.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.551s (-12.8% 🟢)	3.009s (-10.9% 🟢)	0.458s	30	7.08x
💻 Local	Express	2.629s (+20.9% 🔺)	3.114s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.485s	29	7.29x

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.591s (+18.1% 🔺)	3.035s (+20.7% 🔺)	2.445s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.615s (+13.2% 🔺)	1.119s (~)	0.503s	108	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.619s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.151s (+2.0%)	0.532s	105	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.216s (-45.9% 🟢)	8.162s (-24.3% 🟢)	2.945s	15	8.83x
💻 Local	Express	5.874s (-36.5% 🟢)	8.598s (-17.7% 🟢)	2.724s	14	9.95x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.953s (-44.9% 🟢)	8.742s (-25.6% 🟢)	2.789s	14	10.08x

Stream Benchmarks (includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.151s (+1.0%)	2.004s (~)	0.011s (~)	2.018s (~)	0.866s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (+1.1%)	1.965s (~)	0.013s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.152s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.9% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-4.9%)	2.001s (+0.6%)	0.001s (+22.2% 🔺)	2.011s (~)	0.849s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.171s (+1.6%)	1.996s (~)	0.002s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.011s (~)	0.841s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.179s (-0.7%)	2.002s (~)	0.002s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.834s	10	1.02x

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.549s (+0.6%)	2.012s (~)	0.012s (-13.9% 🟢)	2.027s (~)	0.478s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.569s (+0.6%)	2.008s (~)	0.012s (-10.4% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.455s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.574s (-0.8%)	2.007s (-1.4%)	0.005s (+2.6%)	2.027s (-1.6%)	0.453s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.579s (~)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+8.9% 🔺)	2.025s (~)	0.446s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.594s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.027s (~)	0.433s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.606s (-15.0% 🟢)	2.010s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.005s (-33.8% 🟢)	2.026s (-12.0% 🟢)	0.420s	30	1.04x

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.808s (+3.8%)	1.169s (+10.2% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.184s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.375s	51	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.856s (+11.2% 🔺)	1.146s (+3.7%)	0.000s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.169s (+4.5%)	0.313s	53	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.876s (-36.4% 🟢)	1.303s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.312s (-34.5% 🟢)	0.436s	46	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.267s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.977s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.749s	30	1.57x
💻 Local	Express	1.287s (+1.1%)	1.888s (-6.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-60.9% 🟢)	1.891s (-6.2% 🟢)	0.604s	32	1.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.310s (+0.9%)	1.919s (-4.7%)	0.000s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.922s (-4.7%)	0.613s	32	1.62x

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.845s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.540s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.554s (+10.8% 🔺)	0.709s	24	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.847s (-2.3%)	2.497s (+2.6%)	0.000s (+4.2%)	2.512s (+2.5%)	0.665s	24	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.069s (-26.8% 🟢)	2.608s (-22.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.618s (-22.8% 🟢)	0.550s	23	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.344s (-9.3% 🟢)	3.902s (-9.6% 🟢)	0.001s (+36.1% 🔺)	3.906s (-9.6% 🟢)	0.562s	16	1.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.374s (-3.2%)	3.929s (-1.5%)	0.000s (-75.0% 🟢)	3.969s (-1.6%)	0.594s	16	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	3.441s (+1.3%)	4.161s (+3.4%)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	4.164s (+3.4%)	0.724s	15	1.86x

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	13/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

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📋 View full workflow run

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❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.