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Document that a primary nameserver is exclusive on Windows - #950

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Document that a primary nameserver is exclusive on Windows#950
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win_nrpt_dns_docs

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@riccardomanfrin riccardomanfrin commented Aug 26, 2026

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A peer with a primary nameserver now gets a Name Resolution Policy Table rule covering every namespace, so all resolution goes through NetBird and nowhere else. Without it Windows queries every adapter's resolvers in parallel and keeps whichever answer arrives first, which leaks queries to the local network and lets another resolver answer for a name NetBird is authoritative for.

Two consequences worth knowing before it surprises someone:

  • Zones only the local network resolves stop working while connected, unless they are declared as match domains. A more specific rule takes precedence, so declaring the zone is the fix. .local is exempt, so multicast DNS is unaffected.
  • Short names depend on which adapter's suffix Windows tries first, and it stops at the first "no such name" rather than continuing down the list. On domain-joined machines the machine's own domain wins that first attempt, so a short name can fail while its fully qualified form resolves.

Placed next to the existing macOS note in the same section, since both are about what a primary nameserver does beyond catching unmatched queries, and next to the existing warning about emptying match domains, which the suffix caveat explains the other half of.

Also documents NB_USE_LEGACY_DNS_RESOLUTION, which restores the old behaviour on a peer.

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • Documentation
    • Documented the Windows-only NB_USE_LEGACY_DNS_RESOLUTION environment variable, available from client v0.78.0, including legacy behavior and potential query leakage.
    • Clarified Windows DNS behavior introduced in client v0.78.0, including primary nameserver selection and short-name suffix-search handling.
    • Added guidance for interface-metric ties and resolving short-name issues with fully qualified names or matching-domain nameservers.

A peer with a primary nameserver now gets a Name Resolution Policy Table rule
covering every namespace, so all resolution goes through NetBird and nowhere
else. Without it Windows queries every adapter's resolvers in parallel and keeps
whichever answer arrives first, which leaks queries to the local network and lets
another resolver answer for a name NetBird is authoritative for.

Two consequences worth knowing before it surprises someone:

- Zones only the local network resolves stop working while connected, unless
  they are declared as match domains. A more specific rule takes precedence, so
  declaring the zone is the fix. `.local` is exempt, so multicast DNS is
  unaffected.
- Short names depend on which adapter's suffix Windows tries first, and it stops
  at the first "no such name" rather than continuing down the list. On
  domain-joined machines the machine's own domain wins that first attempt, so a
  short name can fail while its fully qualified form resolves.

Placed next to the existing macOS note in the same section, since both are about
what a primary nameserver does beyond catching unmatched queries, and next to the
existing warning about emptying match domains, which the suffix caveat explains
the other half of.

Also documents NB_USE_LEGACY_DNS_RESOLUTION, which restores the old behaviour on
a peer.
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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The documentation adds Windows-specific guidance for NB_USE_LEGACY_DNS_RESOLUTION and documents client v0.78.0 changes to internal DNS routing, suffix searches, interface metrics, and short-name resolution.

Changes

Windows DNS documentation

Layer / File(s) Summary
Legacy resolution variable
src/pages/client/environment-variables.mdx
Documents the Windows-only NB_USE_LEGACY_DNS_RESOLUTION variable, its client v0.78.0 availability, and its parallel adapter DNS behavior.
Internal DNS behavior and troubleshooting
src/pages/manage/dns/internal-dns-servers.mdx
Documents client v0.78.0 primary-nameserver selection, suffix-search termination, interface-metric ties, and the legacy-resolution fallback.

Estimated code review effort: 1 (Trivial) | ~5 minutes

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to a6a8d

This PR documents Windows DNS behavior and the legacy-resolution environment variable without changing product behavior. No actionable merge-blocking risk remains beyond normal checks and review.

Poem

A rabbit maps the DNS trail
Windows notes now explain each tale
Legacy routes remain in sight
Short names search the suffix right
Clear guidance keeps queries bright

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 5
✅ Passed checks (5 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly and concisely describes the main documentation change: Windows uses the configured primary nameserver exclusively.
Docstring Coverage ✅ Passed No functions found in the changed files to evaluate docstring coverage. Skipping docstring coverage check. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 0 functions across 0…
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Full details: Docstring Coverage

Explanation

No functions found in the changed files to evaluate docstring coverage. Skipping docstring coverage check. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 0 functions across 0 files. (2 skipped: 2 unsupported.)

✨ Finishing Touches
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src/pages/client/environment-variables.mdx

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Please see https://devblogs.microsoft.com/typescript/announcing-typescript-7-0/#running-side-by-side-with-typescript-6.0 to run typescript-eslint using the TS 6 API.
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at Object. (/node_modules/typescript-eslint/dist/index.js:52:11)
at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1830:14)
at Object..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1961:10)
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at wrapModuleLoad (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:255:19)
at Module.require (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1576:12)
at require (node:internal/modules/helpers:153:16)
at Object. (/node_modules/eslint-config-next/dist/index.js:5:64)
at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1830:14)

src/pages/manage/dns/internal-dns-servers.mdx

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Actionable comments posted: 1

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Inline comments:
In `@src/pages/manage/dns/internal-dns-servers.mdx`:
- Around line 119-121: Update the Note explaining the Windows short-name
workaround to state that the match-domain nameserver must also have search
domains enabled, while preserving the existing recommendation to use the fully
qualified name or configure the match-domain nameserver.
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📒 Files selected for processing (2)
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  • src/pages/manage/dns/internal-dns-servers.mdx

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Comment thread src/pages/manage/dns/internal-dns-servers.mdx
…sion

Two fixes to the notes added in the previous commit.

The short-name mechanism was described wrongly. Windows does not stop at the
first suffix that misses: it walks the whole suffix list of the preferred
interface, and what it will not do is fall through to another interface's
suffixes. Measured on a Windows 11 machine — with NetBird's adapter preferred, a
list of {fritz.box, netbird.cloud} resolves a name that only exists under the
second entry; with the metric raised so the physical adapter wins, the same name
fails because only that adapter's single suffix is ever tried. The practical
advice changes with it: declaring the local zone with search domains enabled puts
both suffixes in one list, which is what makes short names work either way.

Both notes now say the exclusive behaviour arrives in client v0.78.0 and what
earlier clients did instead, so the page reads correctly for someone still on
0.77, and the environment variable is marked with the version that introduces it.
…dows

The suffix-search behaviour is not Windows' own: without the catch-all NRPT
rule Windows keeps searching the other adapters' suffix lists, and the short
name resolves. Gate the note to v0.78.0 and point at it from the exclusivity
note, so both texts agree on what the change costs.
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