Bump Glide compileSdkVersion to 37 and Robolectric to 4.16

[copybara-service]

Bump Glide compileSdkVersion to 37 and Robolectric to 4.16

Bumping compileSdkVersion to 37 is required to resolve issues with dependencies (such as androidx.core:core and core-ktx version 1.19.0) that require compilation against API 37 or later.

This SDK bump triggers compilation failures in Robolectric tests across multiple modules:
"error: cannot access FingerprintManager ... class file for android.hardware.fingerprint.FingerprintManager not found"

This happens because FingerprintManager was removed in newer Android SDKs, but Robolectric's Shadows class (even in newer versions like 4.16) still contains references to it. During compilation of any test using Shadows (even those not using fingerprint features), the Java compiler attempts to resolve all method signatures in the Shadows class to perform overload resolution, failing because FingerprintManager is missing from the classpath.

To resolve this cleanly without introducing stubs, this CL:

1. Bumps Robolectric to 4.16 to ensure better compatibility with the new SDK.
2. Introduces a CustomShadows helper class in :testutil that provides shadowOf overloads using Shadow.extract instead of referencing org.robolectric.Shadows. This avoids pulling in the missing FingerprintManager reference at compile time.
3. Adds a Robolectric dependency to the :testutil module so it can host the CustomShadows helper.
4. Refactors all tests across all modules (including :library:test, :third_party:gif_decoder, and :integration:sqljournaldiskcache) to use CustomShadows.shadowOf (or avoid Shadows entirely where redundant), allowing the entire project to compile cleanly against compileSdk 37 without needing any Android framework stubs.
5. Fixes some existing Error Prone TestExceptionChecker warnings in RequestManagerRetrieverTest that were triggered during recompilation.