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### Multi-Agent: Don't Go There Early

| Team size | Agent architecture | Why |
| ------------- | ------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1-3 engineers | Single agent, direct Bedrock calls | You can't debug multi-agent orchestration AND build product features |
| 4-8 engineers | One supervisor + 2-3 specialist agents max | Complexity grows exponentially with agent count |
| 8+ engineers | Multi-agent with A2A or Bedrock Multi-Agent | You have the team to own the operational complexity |
| Team size | Agent architecture | Why |
| ------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| 1-3 engineers | Single agent, direct Bedrock calls | You can't debug multi-agent orchestration AND build product features |
| 4-8 engineers | One supervisor + 2-3 specialist agents max | Complexity grows exponentially with agent count |
| 8+ engineers | Multi-agent via Strands (A2A for cross-org, or a Strands supervisor on AgentCore Runtime) | You have the team to own the operational complexity — classic Bedrock Agents' built-in multi-agent collaboration is in maintenance mode and closed to new customers as of 2026-07-30 |

### PoC to Production Pitfall

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## When to Use Strands (vs. Alternatives)

| Situation | Recommendation | Why |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Building first AI agent on AWS | **Strands** | Thinnest abstraction, least vendor lock-in, direct Bedrock integration |
| Already invested in LangChain/LangGraph | Stay on LangChain | Migration cost isn't worth it unless you're hitting LangChain-specific pain |
| Need managed multi-agent orchestration | Bedrock Agents | If you don't want to manage containers and agent routing yourself |
| Simple single-call LLM feature (no tool use) | Direct `InvokeModel` | Strands adds overhead you don't need for prompt-in/text-out |
| Situation | Recommendation | Why |
| -------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Building first AI agent on AWS | **Strands** | Thinnest abstraction, least vendor lock-in, direct Bedrock integration |
| Already invested in LangChain/LangGraph | Stay on LangChain | Migration cost isn't worth it unless you're hitting LangChain-specific pain |
| Need multi-agent orchestration | Strands multi-agent primitives (Agents-as-Tools, Swarms, Graphs, or A2A for cross-org) on AgentCore Runtime | AgentCore manages runtime infrastructure and can provide memory/gateway/identity, but you still own routing via Strands. Direct code deployment avoids image management; with container deployment, you own image maintenance. Classic Bedrock Agents' built-in collaboration is in maintenance mode and closed to new customers as of July 30, 2026. |
| Simple single-call LLM feature (no tool use) | Direct `InvokeModel` | Strands adds overhead you don't need for prompt-in/text-out |

## TypeScript vs Python: Startup Perspective

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**Cost of premature LTM**: Memory extraction runs additional model calls per session. At 1000 sessions/day, that's meaningful token spend for personalization most early users won't notice.

## Deployment: The Container Gotcha (TypeScript)
## Deployment: Direct Code vs. Containers (TypeScript)

TypeScript agents REQUIRE containerized deployment (`--deployment-type container`). This means:
AgentCore Runtime supports [direct code deployment for Node.js, including compiled
TypeScript](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/bedrock-agentcore/latest/devguide/runtime-get-started-code-deploy-node.html).
Prefer it when the supported runtime fits; it avoids owning a container image.

- ECR image build in your CI/CD pipeline
- Container image maintenance (base image updates, dependency patches)
- Slightly higher cold-start than Python agents
Choose container deployment when you need a custom runtime, native dependencies,
or image-level control. Under the [container shared-responsibility model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/bedrock-agentcore/latest/devguide/runtime-get-started-code-deploy.html),
you own:

**If you're deploying to Lambda for cost reasons (scale-to-zero)**: Use Python Strands agents — they work with Lambda's native runtime. TypeScript agents need Lambda container image support (slower cold starts, 10GB image limit).
- ECR image builds and CI/CD
- Base-image and dependency patching
- Rebuilding and redeploying images for security updates

AgentCore manages the runtime infrastructure in either mode; it does not take over
your Strands supervisor/routing logic.

## Evaluation: Ship Evals from Day One (But Cheaply)

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