GH-40282: [Python] Use C++ type traits

python/pyarrow/array.pxi

@@ -1531,7 +1531,7 @@ cdef class Array(_PandasConvertible):
             return np.array(values, dtype=dtype, copy=False)
 
         values = self.to_numpy(zero_copy_only=False)
-        if copy is True and is_numeric(self.type.id) and self.null_count == 0:
+        if copy is True and is_numeric(self.type) and self.null_count == 0:
             # to_numpy did not yet make a copy (is_numeric = integer/floats, no decimal)
             return np.array(values, dtype=dtype, copy=True)
 

python/pyarrow/compute.py

@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ def cast(arr, target_type=None, safe=None, options=None, memory_pool=None):
                          " or pass a value for 'options'")
 
     if options is None:
-        target_type = pa.types.lib.ensure_type(target_type)
+        target_type = pa.lib.ensure_type(target_type)
         if safe is False:
             options = CastOptions.unsafe(target_type)
         else:

python/pyarrow/includes/libarrow.pxd

@@ -172,9 +172,6 @@ cdef extern from "arrow/api.h" namespace "arrow" nogil:
         CDataTypeLayout layout()
         c_string ToString()
 
-    c_bool is_primitive(Type type)
-    c_bool is_numeric(Type type)
-
     cdef cppclass CArrayData" arrow::ArrayData":
         shared_ptr[CDataType] type
         int64_t length
@@ -3026,3 +3023,34 @@ cdef extern from "arrow/python/udf.h" namespace "arrow::py" nogil:
 
 cdef extern from "arrow/compute/cast.h" namespace "arrow::compute":
     CResult[CDatum] Cast(const CDatum& value, const CCastOptions& options)
+
+cdef extern from "arrow/type_traits.h" namespace "arrow":
+    c_bool c_is_integer "is_integer"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_signed_integer "is_signed_integer"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_unsigned_integer "is_unsigned_integer"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_floating "is_floating"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_numeric "is_numeric"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_decimal "is_decimal"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_run_end "is_run_end_type"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_primitive "is_primitive"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_base_binary_like "is_base_binary_like"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_binary_like "is_binary_like"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_large_binary_like "is_large_binary_like"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_binary "is_binary"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_string "is_string"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_temporal "is_temporal"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_time "is_time"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_date "is_date"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_interval "is_interval"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_dictionary "is_dictionary"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_fixed_size_binary "is_fixed_size_binary"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_fixed_width "is_fixed_width"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_var_length_list "is_var_length_list"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_list "is_list"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_list_like "is_list_like"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_var_length_list_like "is_var_length_list_like"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_list_view "is_list_view"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_nested "is_nested"(Type type_id)
+    c_bool c_is_union "is_union"(Type type_id)
+    int c_bit_width "bit_width"(Type type_id)
+    int c_offset_bit_width "offset_bit_width"(Type type_id)

python/pyarrow/tests/test_types.py

@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import pyarrow as pa
-import pyarrow.types as types
 import pyarrow.tests.strategies as past
+from pyarrow import types
 
 
 def get_many_types():
@@ -1260,24 +1260,24 @@ def test_field_modified_copies():
 
 
 def test_is_integer_value():
-    assert pa.types.is_integer_value(1)
-    assert pa.types.is_integer_value(np.int64(1))
-    assert not pa.types.is_integer_value('1')
+    assert types.is_integer_value(1)
+    assert types.is_integer_value(np.int64(1))
+    assert not types.is_integer_value('1')
 
 
 def test_is_float_value():
-    assert not pa.types.is_float_value(1)
-    assert pa.types.is_float_value(1.)
-    assert pa.types.is_float_value(np.float64(1))
-    assert not pa.types.is_float_value('1.0')
+    assert not types.is_float_value(1)
+    assert types.is_float_value(1.)
+    assert types.is_float_value(np.float64(1))
+    assert not types.is_float_value('1.0')
 
 
 def test_is_boolean_value():
-    assert not pa.types.is_boolean_value(1)
-    assert pa.types.is_boolean_value(True)
-    assert pa.types.is_boolean_value(False)
-    assert pa.types.is_boolean_value(np.bool_(True))
-    assert pa.types.is_boolean_value(np.bool_(False))
+    assert not types.is_boolean_value(1)
+    assert types.is_boolean_value(True)
+    assert types.is_boolean_value(False)
+    assert types.is_boolean_value(np.bool_(True))
+    assert types.is_boolean_value(np.bool_(False))
 
 
 @h.settings(suppress_health_check=(h.HealthCheck.too_slow,))