[C++] Incorrect Logic for AdaptiveUIntBuilder::AppendValues #51144

TEST(TestAdaptiveUIntBuilderWithStartIntSize, MyTest) {
  AdaptiveUIntBuilder builder;
  ASSERT_OK(builder.Append(1));
  ASSERT_OK(builder.Append(2));
  ASSERT_OK(builder.Append(3));
  ASSERT_OK(builder.Append(4));
  std::vector<uint64_t> values{5,6,7,8};
  ASSERT_OK(builder.AppendValues(values.data(),4));
  auto array = builder.Finish().ValueOrDie();
  ARROW_LOGGER_INFO("",array->ToString());
}