Reject oversized binary view values

[efegokdemir]

Summary

• Reject binary and string view values larger than INT32_MAX before narrowing the length into the Arrow binary-view representation.
• Add a regression test covering the overflow path without allocating a multi-gigabyte buffer.

Fixes #938

Testing

• cmake -S . -B /tmp/arrow-nanoarrow-build-938 -DNANOARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON — passed.
• cmake --build /tmp/arrow-nanoarrow-build-938 --parallel 2 — passed.
• ctest --test-dir /tmp/arrow-nanoarrow-build-938 --output-on-failure — passed (287/287; 3 thread-safety tests skipped by project configuration).
• git diff --check — passed.

AI assistance was used during implementation; the submitted changes were reviewed and validated against the issue and the project test suite.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 78.19%. Comparing base (ec8a58c) to head (05da3f7).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #947   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   78.19%   78.19%           
=======================================
  Files         106      106           
  Lines       16843    16845    +2     
  Branches     1985     1986    +1     
=======================================
+ Hits        13170    13172    +2     
  Misses       2439     2439           
  Partials     1234     1234           

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[paleolimbot]

Thank you!