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SQLite: Only apply the ZFS -shm workaround on the first open of a database - #664

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sqlite-shm-lock-fix
Oct 5, 2026
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edolstra merged 1 commit into
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sqlite-shm-lock-fix

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@edolstra edolstra commented Oct 5, 2026 •

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Motivation

Cherry-pick of cc1cfbb from #646 so the fix ships independently of the tarball cache work.

The ZFS db.sqlite-shm workaround in SQLite::SQLite opens and closes db.sqlite-shm on every database open. Closing a file descriptor drops all POSIX locks the process holds on that file, including the shared dead-man-switch lock SQLite holds on behalf of any other connection this process already has to the same database. Another process can then take the exclusive lock, conclude it is the only user, and truncate the -shm file. The first process gets a SIGBUS the next time it touches its WAL index mapping.

Context

With this change the workaround runs only the first time a process opens a given database path, before any SQLite connection to it exists, so there is never a lock to drop.

This is a candidate explanation for Sentry issue 7626899056 (SIGBUS in walIndexAppend during a WAL commit in nix-daemon 3.23.0). That crash requires the daemon child to have had two connections to db.sqlite open, which happens when a local store is configured as a substituter or via local-overlay. Independently of that report, any process that opens a database twice is exposed, e.g. the fetcher cache in commands that fetch tarballs.

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Summary by CodeRabbit

  • Performance
    • Repeated opens of the same database during a run no longer repeat the initial filesystem synchronization step, which may reduce overhead. On Linux, synchronization is limited to the first open of each database path in a process. On ZFS, synchronization failures continue to be reported as errors, and concurrent opens are coordinated during the initial check.

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The Linux SQLite constructor now tracks database paths in a process-wide synchronized set. It runs the existing shared-memory-file workaround only on the first open of each path. The catch-and-rethrow wrapper around the workaround was removed.

Changes

SQLite shared-memory workaround

Layer / File(s) Summary
Track paths and gate the workaround
src/libstore/sqlite.cc
The constructor records each database path in a synchronized set and runs the existing workaround only when that path is added for the first time. The synchronization lock remains held during file inspection and synchronization. Errors from statfs and fdatasync still throw SysError.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 2 (Simple) | ~10 minutes

Change: Bug fix

Suggested reviewers: cole-h

Merge Risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to f2415

On ZFS, opening one database through two symlinked state-directory paths can still expose concurrent SQLite connections to a crash. Resolve or explicitly accept this risk before merging.

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Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 0.00% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 1 functions across 1 files. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
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Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly describes the main change: limiting the ZFS -shm workaround to the first database open.
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Actionable comments posted: 2


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
🤖 Prompt to fix review comments
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only still-valid issues, skip the rest with a brief reason, keep changes
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/libstore/sqlite.cc:
- Line 87: Keep the `shmFilesSynced` lock held throughout the `-shm`
synchronization workaround in `LocalStore::Config::openStore()`: store the lock
in a local variable before inserting `path`, and retain it until the
`AutoCloseFD` descriptor has closed and the workaround finishes. This makes
concurrent constructors wait before proceeding.
- Line 87: Update the shmFilesSynced gate to key entries by the symlink-resolved
database path, so aliases of the same database share the gate; keep the original
path for opening the -shm file.

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  • src/libstore/sqlite.cc

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Comment thread src/libstore/sqlite.cc Outdated
@github-actions

github-actions Bot commented Oct 5, 2026 •

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github-actions Bot temporarily deployed to pull request October 5, 2026 14:33 Inactive
…abase

Closing a file descriptor drops all POSIX locks that the process holds
on that file. So opening and closing db.sqlite-shm while another
connection to the same database is open in this process dropped
SQLite's lock on that file. Another process could then truncate it,
causing a SIGBUS in the first process. This showed up with the tarball
cache, which opens multiple connections per process.

We hold the lock on `shmFilesSynced` until the descriptor has been
closed, so that a concurrent open of the same database in another
thread cannot create a SQLite connection (and thus acquire POSIX locks
on db.sqlite-shm) while the first thread still has the file open.

Assisted-by: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
(cherry picked from commit cc1cfbb)
@edolstra
edolstra force-pushed the sqlite-shm-lock-fix branch from 59e2cbf to f2415ae Compare October 5, 2026 14:52
@edolstra
edolstra enabled auto-merge October 5, 2026 14:57
@github-actions
github-actions Bot temporarily deployed to pull request October 5, 2026 15:02 Inactive
@edolstra
edolstra added this pull request to the merge queue Oct 5, 2026
Merged via the queue into main with commit d5a62e1 Oct 5, 2026
36 checks passed
@edolstra
edolstra deleted the sqlite-shm-lock-fix branch October 5, 2026 15:55

This branch was previously deployed

1 inactive deployment
pull request — f2415ae7 Deployed Oct 5, 2026 by github-actions[bot]
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2 participants