feat: reject gossip envelopes if payload does not match its block hash by nazarhussain · Pull Request #10490 · ChainSafe/lodestar

nazarhussain · 2026-10-28T02:15:48Z

Motivation

Implements consensus-specs#5770. Gossip only checked payload.block_hash == bid.block_hash, so a builder could gossip other contents under the committed hash, take the seen entry and get the real envelope ignored.

Draft until #5770 is released.

Description

Envelope gossip checks, new ones marked +:

  block known, not seen, not finalized       IGNORE
  slot, builder index match block            REJECT
+ parent beacon block root == block parent
+ prev_randao, gas_limit == bid
  block_hash, requests root == bid
  load block post-state                      IGNORE if missing
+ parent_hash == state.latest_block_hash
+ timestamp == slot time
+ withdrawals == state expected withdrawals
+ no empty transactions
+ payload hashes to block_hash               INVALID_BLOCK_HASH
  signature

computeExecutionBlockHash: keccak256 of the RLP header with MPT roots for transactions and withdrawals and the EIP-7685 requests hash. Bellatrix to heze.
Empty transactions are trie deletions and don't change the hash, hence the separate check.
Hash runs before the signature, as in the spec. The signing root hashes every transaction, so the signature check costs more.
Native node:crypto keccak. @ethereumjs/rlp is already installed via discv5.
Metric lodestar_gossip_execution_payload_envelope_block_hash_seconds with a dashboard panel.
Mock EL returns real block hashes.
Spec gossip runner wired. valid* and ignore_duplicate are skipped until the pinned vectors get real hashes.

Verification

Hashes match 447 spec sanity/blocks payloads (bellatrix to fulu) and 1000 real blocks each from Sepolia, mainnet and Platåberget (see comments). One Sepolia envelope is a test fixture.
Mean hash time on the main thread (M3 Pro): 0.5 ms Sepolia, 1 ms mainnet, 1.7 ms Platåberget.

AI Assistance Disclosure

External Contributors: I have read the contributor guidelines and disclosed my usage of AI below.

This PR was written primarily by Claude Code.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Add computeExecutionBlockHash to derive an execution payload's block hash from its header fields (RLP + keccak + ordered MPT roots), bellatrix through gloas. Needed for the envelope gossip block hash check in consensus-specs#5770. Move @ethereumjs/rlp to beacon-node dependencies at ^10.1.1, the version discv5 already ships. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Payloads built by the mock EL now carry their actual execution block hash instead of random bytes, so envelopes from it pass the upcoming gossip block hash check. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

…hash Implements consensus-specs#5770: an execution payload envelope is rejected when its payload does not hash to payload.block_hash. Without this, a builder could gossip other contents under the committed hash and get the real envelope ignored. The check runs after the signature check so an unsigned envelope cannot make us hash its payload. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Wire the gossip_execution_payload_envelope handler into the gossip spec runner. Imported gloas blocks seed the envelope input cache, as the gossip block handler does, and valid envelopes are attached to it so duplicates are detected. Skip the valid and ignore_duplicate vectors for now: their envelopes carry a placeholder block hash, which the consensus-specs#5770 check rejects. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Hash with node:crypto keccak-256 (OpenSSL >= 3.2, bundled with Node 24.22.1) instead of the JS implementation from ethereum-cryptography, which beacon-node no longer depends on. The block hash check runs on the main thread in the envelope gossip path. Benchmarked block hash cost (noble -> native): - 300 txs x 400 B, 64 KiB BAL: 9.8 ms -> 1.2 ms - 1500 txs x 300 B, 512 KiB BAL: 57 ms -> 5.9 ms - 2000 txs x 2 KB, 4 MiB BAL: 373 ms -> 18.5 ms Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

nflaig · 2026-10-28T02:24:58Z

+/** Matched against `<handler>/<testCase>` */
+const skippedGossipTests: RegExp[] = [
+  // Envelopes in these vectors carry a placeholder block hash, so the block hash check from
+  // consensus-specs#5770 rejects them. Unskip once the vectors are regenerated with real hashes.
+  /^gossip_execution_payload_envelope\/gossip_execution_payload_envelope__(valid.*|ignore_duplicate)$/,
+];


should verify that spec vectors from ethereum/consensus-specs#5770

All 21 gloas cases now pass on both mainnet and minimal, while the 7 remaining failures per preset are heze cases still using old pinned vectors with placeholder hashes.

nflaig · 2026-10-28T02:25:59Z

+import {MockedBeaconChain, getMockedBeaconChain} from "../../../mocks/mockedBeaconChain.js";
+import {generateProtoBlock} from "../../../utils/typeGenerator.js";
+
+describe("validateGossipExecutionPayloadEnvelope", () => {


not sure about these, we wanna avoid custom gossip handler tests if it's covered by spec tests

Removed the duplicate tests which are part of the specs vectors now.

Match the gossip block handler, which seeds the envelope input with the node's sampled and custody columns. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

github-actions · 2026-10-28T02:46:51Z

⚠️ Performance Alert ⚠️

Possible performance regression was detected for some benchmarks.
Benchmark result of this commit is worse than the previous benchmark result exceeding threshold.

Benchmark suite	Current: `cc1046e`	Previous: `122e5d5`	Ratio
enrSubnets - fastDeserialize 64 bits	2.5890 us/op	195.00 ns/op	13.28

Full benchmark results

Benchmark suite	Current: `cc1046e`	Previous: `122e5d5`	Ratio
getPubkeys - native cache - req 1000 vs - 250000 vc	515.38 us/op	807.66 us/op	0.64
getPubkeys - validatorsArr - req 1000 vs - 250000 vc	32.804 us/op	38.122 us/op	0.86
BLS verify - blst	713.88 us/op	896.97 us/op	0.80
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures 3 - blst	1.0195 ms/op	1.3712 ms/op	0.74
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures 8 - blst	1.7492 ms/op	2.2624 ms/op	0.77
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures 32 - blst	5.6543 ms/op	7.6231 ms/op	0.74
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures 64 - blst	10.263 ms/op	14.429 ms/op	0.71
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures 128 - blst	19.913 ms/op	27.490 ms/op	0.72
BLS deserializing 10000 signatures	486.32 ms/op	645.99 ms/op	0.75
BLS deserializing 100000 signatures	4.9290 s/op	6.5938 s/op	0.75
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures - same message - 3 - blst	751.50 us/op	988.54 us/op	0.76
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures - same message - 8 - blst	850.48 us/op	1.1180 ms/op	0.76
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures - same message - 32 - blst	1.3084 ms/op	1.7328 ms/op	0.76
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures - same message - 64 - blst	1.9231 ms/op	2.5962 ms/op	0.74
BLS verifyMultipleSignatures - same message - 128 - blst	3.1321 ms/op	4.3111 ms/op	0.73
BLS aggregatePubkeys 32 - blst	14.639 us/op	19.893 us/op	0.74
BLS aggregatePubkeys 128 - blst	52.294 us/op	71.412 us/op	0.73
getSlashingsAndExits - default max	32.584 us/op	55.346 us/op	0.59
getSlashingsAndExits - 2k	330.38 us/op	373.87 us/op	0.88
proposeBlockBody type=full, size=empty	1.2556 ms/op	676.11 us/op	1.86
isKnown best case - 1 super set check	120.00 ns/op	212.00 ns/op	0.57
isKnown normal case - 2 super set checks	120.00 ns/op	168.00 ns/op	0.71
isKnown worse case - 16 super set checks	123.00 ns/op	165.00 ns/op	0.75
validate api signedAggregateAndProof - struct	1.1135 ms/op	1.5714 ms/op	0.71
validate gossip signedAggregateAndProof - struct	1.1086 ms/op	1.5697 ms/op	0.71
batch validate gossip attestation - vc 640000 - chunk 32	99.415 us/op	127.42 us/op	0.78
batch validate gossip attestation - vc 640000 - chunk 64	85.607 us/op	107.04 us/op	0.80
batch validate gossip attestation - vc 640000 - chunk 128	70.495 us/op	96.537 us/op	0.73
batch validate gossip attestation - vc 640000 - chunk 256	78.628 us/op	98.612 us/op	0.80
block hash typical 300 txs x 400 B, BAL 64 KiB	1.8328 ms/op
transactions trie typical 300 txs x 400 B, BAL 64 KiB	1.5525 ms/op
block hash heavy 1500 txs x 300 B, BAL 512 KiB	10.827 ms/op
transactions trie heavy 1500 txs x 300 B, BAL 512 KiB	10.346 ms/op
block hash near gossip max 2000 txs x 2000 B, BAL 4096 KiB	17.068 ms/op
transactions trie near gossip max 2000 txs x 2000 B, BAL 4096 KiB	16.686 ms/op
bytes32 toHexString	243.00 ns/op	308.00 ns/op	0.79
bytes32 Buffer.toString(hex)	127.00 ns/op	168.00 ns/op	0.76
bytes32 Buffer.toString(hex) from Uint8Array	198.00 ns/op	242.00 ns/op	0.82
bytes32 Buffer.toString(hex) + 0x	135.00 ns/op	172.00 ns/op	0.78
Return object 10000 times	0.19850 ns/op	0.21440 ns/op	0.93
Throw Error 10000 times	1.5096 us/op	1.8064 us/op	0.84
toHex	71.679 ns/op	92.658 ns/op	0.77
Buffer.from	65.633 ns/op	84.934 ns/op	0.77
shared Buffer	43.777 ns/op	62.231 ns/op	0.70
fastMsgIdFn sha256 / 200 bytes	1.2130 us/op	1.4900 us/op	0.81
fastMsgIdFn h32 xxhash / 200 bytes	135.00 ns/op	163.00 ns/op	0.83
fastMsgIdFn h64 xxhash / 200 bytes	164.00 ns/op	228.00 ns/op	0.72
fastMsgIdFn sha256 / 1000 bytes	3.7870 us/op	4.8340 us/op	0.78
fastMsgIdFn h32 xxhash / 1000 bytes	200.00 ns/op	252.00 ns/op	0.79
fastMsgIdFn h64 xxhash / 1000 bytes	202.00 ns/op	258.00 ns/op	0.78
fastMsgIdFn sha256 / 10000 bytes	33.222 us/op	42.144 us/op	0.79
fastMsgIdFn h32 xxhash / 10000 bytes	965.00 ns/op	1.2970 us/op	0.74
fastMsgIdFn h64 xxhash / 10000 bytes	608.00 ns/op	863.00 ns/op	0.70
send data - 1000 256B messages	3.8550 ms/op	4.3122 ms/op	0.89
send data - 1000 512B messages	5.2164 ms/op	5.6396 ms/op	0.92
send data - 1000 1024B messages	5.7230 ms/op	6.3739 ms/op	0.90
send data - 1000 1200B messages	6.4311 ms/op	6.7465 ms/op	0.95
send data - 1000 2048B messages	10.384 ms/op	8.8112 ms/op	1.18
send data - 1000 4096B messages	39.413 ms/op	63.055 ms/op	0.63
send data - 1000 16384B messages	294.39 ms/op	443.43 ms/op	0.66
send data - 1000 65536B messages	1.7839 s/op	1.8176 s/op	0.98
enrSubnets - fastDeserialize 64 bits	2.5890 us/op	195.00 ns/op	13.28
enrSubnets - ssz BitVector 64 bits	193.00 ns/op	270.00 ns/op	0.71
enrSubnets - fastDeserialize 4 bits	70.000 ns/op	96.000 ns/op	0.73
enrSubnets - ssz BitVector 4 bits	197.00 ns/op	270.00 ns/op	0.73
prioritizePeers score -10:0 att 32-0.1 sync 2-0	168.97 us/op	203.55 us/op	0.83
prioritizePeers score 0:0 att 32-0.25 sync 2-0.25	184.33 us/op	230.22 us/op	0.80
prioritizePeers score 0:0 att 32-0.5 sync 2-0.5	259.84 us/op	321.85 us/op	0.81
prioritizePeers score 0:0 att 64-0.75 sync 4-0.75	462.58 us/op	570.72 us/op	0.81
prioritizePeers score 0:0 att 64-1 sync 4-1	553.18 us/op	689.68 us/op	0.80
archive index / 1 slot / archive root index lookup	12.736 us/op	22.026 us/op	0.58
archive index / 1 slot / archive block lookup, decode and hash	2.0822 ms/op	2.4668 ms/op	0.84
archive index / 1 slots / 1 columns / legacy	15.598 us/op	24.532 us/op	0.64
archive index / 1 slots / 1 columns / flat files	89.411 us/op	178.99 us/op	0.50
archive index / 1 slots / 8 columns / legacy	73.682 us/op	85.038 us/op	0.87
archive index / 1 slots / 8 columns / flat files	209.49 us/op	373.18 us/op	0.56
archive index / 1 slots / 128 columns / legacy	7.5265 ms/op	6.5972 ms/op	1.14
archive index / 1 slots / 128 columns / flat files	8.1023 ms/op	5.3466 ms/op	1.52
archive index / 8 slots / 1 columns / legacy	131.88 us/op	176.00 us/op	0.75
archive index / 8 slots / 1 columns / flat files	703.85 us/op	1.2968 ms/op	0.54
archive index / 8 slots / 8 columns / legacy	997.39 us/op	728.30 us/op	1.37
archive index / 8 slots / 8 columns / flat files	2.1851 ms/op	3.1389 ms/op	0.70
archive index / 8 slots / 128 columns / legacy	71.603 ms/op	101.89 ms/op	0.70
archive index / 8 slots / 128 columns / flat files	276.61 ms/op	253.17 ms/op	1.09
head state / 1 slot / archive root index lookup	13.602 us/op	21.614 us/op	0.63
head state / 1 slot / archive block lookup, decode and hash	2.0811 ms/op	2.5903 ms/op	0.80
head state / 1 slots / 1 columns / legacy	15.027 us/op	23.986 us/op	0.63
head state / 1 slots / 1 columns / flat files	82.652 us/op	142.31 us/op	0.58
head state / 1 slots / 8 columns / legacy	62.541 us/op	74.671 us/op	0.84
head state / 1 slots / 8 columns / flat files	222.94 us/op	348.67 us/op	0.64
head state / 1 slots / 128 columns / legacy	12.779 ms/op	4.4396 ms/op	2.88
head state / 1 slots / 128 columns / flat files	2.8921 ms/op	4.8143 ms/op	0.60
head state / 8 slots / 1 columns / legacy	111.23 us/op	188.30 us/op	0.59
head state / 8 slots / 1 columns / flat files	610.90 us/op	1.1064 ms/op	0.55
head state / 8 slots / 8 columns / legacy	1.9796 ms/op	601.94 us/op	3.29
head state / 8 slots / 8 columns / flat files	1.6425 ms/op	3.0103 ms/op	0.55
head state / 8 slots / 128 columns / legacy	99.439 ms/op	97.176 ms/op	1.02
head state / 8 slots / 128 columns / flat files	250.65 ms/op	206.57 ms/op	1.21
array of 16000 items push then shift	768.15 ns/op	1.2921 us/op	0.59
LinkedList of 16000 items push then shift	5.0100 ns/op	6.6760 ns/op	0.75
array of 16000 items push then pop	43.842 ns/op	77.721 ns/op	0.56
LinkedList of 16000 items push then pop	4.7370 ns/op	5.9110 ns/op	0.80
array of 24000 items push then shift	1.0970 us/op	1.9115 us/op	0.57
LinkedList of 24000 items push then shift	5.7700 ns/op	6.3430 ns/op	0.91
array of 24000 items push then pop	65.693 ns/op	106.69 ns/op	0.62
LinkedList of 24000 items push then pop	4.8270 ns/op	5.9030 ns/op	0.82
intersect bitArray bitLen 8	2.3980 ns/op	3.8720 ns/op	0.62
intersect array and set length 8	22.658 ns/op	31.489 ns/op	0.72
intersect bitArray bitLen 128	15.016 ns/op	23.097 ns/op	0.65
intersect array and set length 128	378.77 ns/op	519.19 ns/op	0.73
bitArray.getTrueBitIndexes() bitLen 128	854.00 ns/op	902.00 ns/op	0.95
bitArray.getTrueBitIndexes() bitLen 248	1.4900 us/op	1.6540 us/op	0.90
bitArray.getTrueBitIndexes() bitLen 512	3.2120 us/op	3.4260 us/op	0.94
Full columns - reconstruct all 6 blobs	136.59 us/op	134.47 us/op	1.02
Full columns - reconstruct half of the blobs out of 6	83.059 us/op	72.545 us/op	1.14
Full columns - reconstruct single blob out of 6	30.414 us/op	5.9686 ms/op	0.01
Half columns - reconstruct all 6 blobs	306.23 ms/op	390.98 ms/op	0.78
Half columns - reconstruct half of the blobs out of 6	155.30 ms/op	194.52 ms/op	0.80
Half columns - reconstruct single blob out of 6	54.827 ms/op	70.093 ms/op	0.78
Set add up to 64 items then delete first	1.3501 us/op	2.6432 us/op	0.51
OrderedSet add up to 64 items then delete first	2.0008 us/op	3.5339 us/op	0.57
Set add up to 64 items then delete last	1.6419 us/op	3.0994 us/op	0.53
OrderedSet add up to 64 items then delete last	2.6010 us/op	3.9720 us/op	0.65
Set add up to 64 items then delete middle	1.6131 us/op	3.0212 us/op	0.53
OrderedSet add up to 64 items then delete middle	3.3128 us/op	5.3388 us/op	0.62
Set add up to 128 items then delete first	4.0999 us/op	5.7509 us/op	0.71
OrderedSet add up to 128 items then delete first	6.2173 us/op	7.6103 us/op	0.82
Set add up to 128 items then delete last	4.0539 us/op	5.9917 us/op	0.68
OrderedSet add up to 128 items then delete last	5.8460 us/op	7.8187 us/op	0.75
Set add up to 128 items then delete middle	4.2849 us/op	5.7897 us/op	0.74
OrderedSet add up to 128 items then delete middle	9.8908 us/op	13.269 us/op	0.75
Set add up to 256 items then delete first	7.8519 us/op	11.570 us/op	0.68
OrderedSet add up to 256 items then delete first	12.624 us/op	15.578 us/op	0.81
Set add up to 256 items then delete last	7.6112 us/op	12.174 us/op	0.63
OrderedSet add up to 256 items then delete last	11.818 us/op	15.851 us/op	0.75
Set add up to 256 items then delete middle	8.2451 us/op	11.681 us/op	0.71
OrderedSet add up to 256 items then delete middle	29.572 us/op	38.261 us/op	0.77
runFastConfirmationRules vc:100000 bc:96 eq:0	2.8870 ms/op	3.9941 ms/op	0.72
runFastConfirmationRules vc:600000 bc:96 eq:0	26.654 ms/op	32.788 ms/op	0.81
runFastConfirmationRules vc:1000000 bc:96 eq:0	44.297 ms/op	60.566 ms/op	0.73
runFastConfirmationRules vc:600000 bc:320 eq:0	25.332 ms/op	32.018 ms/op	0.79
runFastConfirmationRules vc:100000 bc:96 eq:1000	1.0817 s/op	1.2482 s/op	0.87
pass gossip attestations to forkchoice per slot	3.5284 ms/op	4.6147 ms/op	0.76
forkChoice updateHead vc 100000 bc 64 eq 0	350.78 us/op	479.22 us/op	0.73
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 64 eq 0	1.8279 ms/op	2.9212 ms/op	0.63
forkChoice updateHead vc 1000000 bc 64 eq 0	3.0750 ms/op	4.7361 ms/op	0.65
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 320 eq 0	1.8496 ms/op	2.4321 ms/op	0.76
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 1200 eq 0	1.8756 ms/op	2.5159 ms/op	0.75
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 7200 eq 0	2.3682 ms/op	3.4465 ms/op	0.69
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 64 eq 1000	1.9246 ms/op	2.9391 ms/op	0.65
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 64 eq 10000	2.0464 ms/op	3.0761 ms/op	0.67
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 64 eq 300000	5.4823 ms/op	7.4317 ms/op	0.74
forkChoice updateHead vc 600000 bc 64 eq 0 gloas boosted	2.2398 ms/op	3.4101 ms/op	0.66
computeDeltas 1400000 validators 0% inactive	8.3714 ms/op	12.337 ms/op	0.68
computeDeltas 1400000 validators 10% inactive	7.9312 ms/op	11.865 ms/op	0.67
computeDeltas 1400000 validators 20% inactive	7.5264 ms/op	11.905 ms/op	0.63
computeDeltas 1400000 validators 50% inactive	6.1995 ms/op	9.7083 ms/op	0.64
computeDeltas 2100000 validators 0% inactive	11.345 ms/op	19.916 ms/op	0.57
computeDeltas 2100000 validators 10% inactive	10.368 ms/op	18.960 ms/op	0.55
computeDeltas 2100000 validators 20% inactive	9.6595 ms/op	17.900 ms/op	0.54
computeDeltas 2100000 validators 50% inactive	7.8227 ms/op	14.520 ms/op	0.54
altair processAttestation - 250000 vs - 7PWei normalcase	12.466 ms/op	6.2833 ms/op	1.98
altair processAttestation - 250000 vs - 7PWei worstcase	14.664 ms/op	9.1300 ms/op	1.61
altair processAttestation - setStatus - 1/6 committees join	71.406 us/op	122.92 us/op	0.58
altair processAttestation - setStatus - 1/3 committees join	142.06 us/op	243.12 us/op	0.58
altair processAttestation - setStatus - 1/2 committees join	196.45 us/op	321.72 us/op	0.61
altair processAttestation - setStatus - 2/3 committees join	257.87 us/op	392.17 us/op	0.66
altair processAttestation - setStatus - 4/5 committees join	361.01 us/op	593.55 us/op	0.61
altair processAttestation - setStatus - 100% committees join	436.47 us/op	674.04 us/op	0.65
altair processBlock - 250000 vs - 7PWei normalcase	13.826 ms/op	8.7666 ms/op	1.58
altair processBlock - 250000 vs - 7PWei normalcase hashState	35.270 ms/op	31.173 ms/op	1.13
altair processBlock - 250000 vs - 7PWei worstcase	33.238 ms/op	35.597 ms/op	0.93
altair processBlock - 250000 vs - 7PWei worstcase hashState	68.351 ms/op	60.647 ms/op	1.13
phase0 processBlock - 250000 vs - 7PWei normalcase	5.4957 ms/op	4.0078 ms/op	1.37
phase0 processBlock - 250000 vs - 7PWei worstcase	50.221 ms/op	39.028 ms/op	1.29
altair processEth1Data - 250000 vs - 7PWei normalcase	222.40 us/op	296.95 us/op	0.75
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:1,eth1:1,we:0,wn:0,smpl:16	2.3520 us/op	3.3450 us/op	0.70
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0.95,eth1:0.1,we:0.05,wn:0,smpl:220	16.637 us/op	18.762 us/op	0.89
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0.95,eth1:0.3,we:0.05,wn:0,smpl:43	4.3920 us/op	5.6810 us/op	0.77
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0.95,eth1:0.7,we:0.05,wn:0,smpl:19	2.5320 us/op	3.6560 us/op	0.69
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0.1,eth1:0.1,we:0,wn:0,smpl:1021	77.100 us/op	101.96 us/op	0.76
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0.03,eth1:0.03,we:0,wn:0,smpl:11778	1.0425 ms/op	1.3593 ms/op	0.77
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0.01,eth1:0.01,we:0,wn:0,smpl:16384	1.3967 ms/op	1.7587 ms/op	0.79
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0,eth1:0,we:0,wn:0,smpl:16384	1.5104 ms/op	1.8238 ms/op	0.83
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0,eth1:0,we:0,wn:0,nocache,smpl:16384	2.8099 ms/op	3.7509 ms/op	0.75
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0,eth1:1,we:0,wn:0,smpl:16384	1.5741 ms/op	2.0073 ms/op	0.78
getExpectedWithdrawals 250000 eb:0,eth1:1,we:0,wn:0,nocache,smpl:16384	4.6769 ms/op	4.0238 ms/op	1.16
Tree 40 250000 create	287.68 ms/op	370.45 ms/op	0.78
Tree 40 250000 get(125000)	71.513 ns/op	106.14 ns/op	0.67
Tree 40 250000 set(125000)	786.22 ns/op	1.0760 us/op	0.73
Tree 40 250000 toArray()	19.497 ms/op	9.9694 ms/op	1.96
Tree 40 250000 iterate all - toArray() + loop	19.918 ms/op	16.210 ms/op	1.23
Tree 40 250000 iterate all - get(i)	36.470 ms/op	38.465 ms/op	0.95
Array 250000 create	1.5484 ms/op	2.4805 ms/op	0.62
Array 250000 clone - spread	361.11 us/op	792.78 us/op	0.46
Array 250000 get(125000)	0.26200 ns/op	0.30400 ns/op	0.86
Array 250000 set(125000)	0.26000 ns/op	0.30700 ns/op	0.85
Array 250000 iterate all - loop	46.567 us/op	56.410 us/op	0.83
phase0 afterProcessEpoch - 250000 vs - 7PWei	5.9023 ms/op	16.535 ms/op	0.36
Array.fill - length 1000000	2.3236 ms/op	4.0238 ms/op	0.58
Array push - length 1000000	9.2751 ms/op	15.555 ms/op	0.60
Array.get	0.18577 ns/op	0.21025 ns/op	0.88
Uint8Array.get	0.20347 ns/op	0.23905 ns/op	0.85
phase0 beforeProcessEpoch - 250000 vs - 7PWei	16.813 ms/op	24.778 ms/op	0.68
altair processEpoch - mainnet_e81889	235.87 ms/op	281.69 ms/op	0.84
mainnet_e81889 - altair beforeProcessEpoch	31.963 ms/op	38.651 ms/op	0.83
mainnet_e81889 - altair processJustificationAndFinalization	5.2370 us/op	6.5090 us/op	0.80
mainnet_e81889 - altair processInactivityUpdates	6.3066 ms/op	3.6030 ms/op	1.75
mainnet_e81889 - altair processRewardsAndPenalties	18.529 ms/op	23.980 ms/op	0.77
mainnet_e81889 - altair processRegistryUpdates	450.00 ns/op	621.00 ns/op	0.72
mainnet_e81889 - altair processSlashings	114.00 ns/op	143.00 ns/op	0.80
mainnet_e81889 - altair processEth1DataReset	113.00 ns/op	134.00 ns/op	0.84
mainnet_e81889 - altair processEffectiveBalanceUpdates	1.2640 ms/op	1.6432 ms/op	0.77
mainnet_e81889 - altair processSlashingsReset	586.00 ns/op	702.00 ns/op	0.83
mainnet_e81889 - altair processRandaoMixesReset	883.00 ns/op	1.0100 us/op	0.87
mainnet_e81889 - altair processHistoricalRootsUpdate	114.00 ns/op	138.00 ns/op	0.83
mainnet_e81889 - altair processParticipationFlagUpdates	390.00 ns/op	456.00 ns/op	0.86
mainnet_e81889 - altair processSyncCommitteeUpdates	90.000 ns/op	106.00 ns/op	0.85
mainnet_e81889 - altair afterProcessEpoch	42.732 ms/op	44.802 ms/op	0.95
capella processEpoch - mainnet_e217614	745.71 ms/op	886.95 ms/op	0.84
mainnet_e217614 - capella beforeProcessEpoch	73.487 ms/op	82.294 ms/op	0.89
mainnet_e217614 - capella processJustificationAndFinalization	5.8720 us/op	34.066 ms/op	0.00
mainnet_e217614 - capella processInactivityUpdates	14.039 ms/op	17.960 ms/op	0.78
mainnet_e217614 - capella processRewardsAndPenalties	91.555 ms/op	109.02 ms/op	0.84
mainnet_e217614 - capella processRegistryUpdates	3.6310 us/op	4.8940 us/op	0.74
mainnet_e217614 - capella processSlashings	112.00 ns/op	143.00 ns/op	0.78
mainnet_e217614 - capella processEth1DataReset	110.00 ns/op	135.00 ns/op	0.81
mainnet_e217614 - capella processEffectiveBalanceUpdates	10.948 ms/op	22.405 ms/op	0.49
mainnet_e217614 - capella processSlashingsReset	553.00 ns/op	910.00 ns/op	0.61
mainnet_e217614 - capella processRandaoMixesReset	959.00 ns/op	1.1610 us/op	0.83
mainnet_e217614 - capella processHistoricalSummariesUpdate	112.00 ns/op	185.00 ns/op	0.61
mainnet_e217614 - capella processParticipationFlagUpdates	366.00 ns/op	534.00 ns/op	0.69
mainnet_e217614 - capella afterProcessEpoch	29.293 ms/op	58.566 ms/op	0.50
phase0 processEpoch - mainnet_e58758	239.80 ms/op	252.93 ms/op	0.95
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 beforeProcessEpoch	69.701 ms/op	104.79 ms/op	0.67
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processJustificationAndFinalization	5.2610 us/op	8.6700 us/op	0.61
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processRewardsAndPenalties	15.670 ms/op	18.023 ms/op	0.87
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processRegistryUpdates	1.8050 us/op	2.4910 us/op	0.72
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processSlashings	110.00 ns/op	143.00 ns/op	0.77
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processEth1DataReset	105.00 ns/op	137.00 ns/op	0.77
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processEffectiveBalanceUpdates	517.55 us/op	855.50 us/op	0.60
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processSlashingsReset	689.00 ns/op	1.1570 us/op	0.60
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processRandaoMixesReset	984.00 ns/op	1.5090 us/op	0.65
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processHistoricalRootsUpdate	112.00 ns/op	141.00 ns/op	0.79
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 processParticipationRecordUpdates	914.00 ns/op	1.3170 us/op	0.69
mainnet_e58758 - phase0 afterProcessEpoch	5.9956 ms/op	7.9249 ms/op	0.76
phase0 processEffectiveBalanceUpdates - 250000 normalcase	674.10 us/op	1.0496 ms/op	0.64
phase0 processEffectiveBalanceUpdates - 250000 worstcase 0.5	851.51 us/op	3.8619 ms/op	0.22
gloas processInactivityUpdates - 250000 inactivity leak all eligible missed target	10.016 ms/op	43.873 ms/op	0.23
phase0 processRegistryUpdates - 250000 normalcase	1.5890 us/op	2.9810 us/op	0.53
phase0 processRegistryUpdates - 250000 badcase_full_deposits	114.69 us/op	174.97 us/op	0.66
phase0 processRegistryUpdates - 250000 worstcase 0.5	56.239 ms/op	91.012 ms/op	0.62
altair processRewardsAndPenalties - 250000 normalcase	14.120 ms/op	84.986 ms/op	0.17
altair processRewardsAndPenalties - 250000 worstcase	13.113 ms/op	17.396 ms/op	0.75
phase0 getAttestationDeltas - 250000 normalcase	3.9156 ms/op	5.9101 ms/op	0.66
phase0 getAttestationDeltas - 250000 worstcase	3.3532 ms/op	6.0207 ms/op	0.56
phase0 processSlashings - 250000 worstcase	44.565 us/op	68.047 us/op	0.65
altair processSyncCommitteeUpdates - 250000	7.4809 ms/op	10.640 ms/op	0.70
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - No change	130.00 ns/op	173.00 ns/op	0.75
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 1 full validator	86.061 us/op	117.22 us/op	0.73
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 32 full validator	1.2112 ms/op	1.4734 ms/op	0.82
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 512 full validator	10.750 ms/op	10.563 ms/op	1.02
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 1 validator.effectiveBalance	89.015 us/op	124.02 us/op	0.72
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 32 validator.effectiveBalance	1.4047 ms/op	2.3967 ms/op	0.59
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 512 validator.effectiveBalance	23.923 ms/op	35.370 ms/op	0.68
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 1 balances	83.271 us/op	109.09 us/op	0.76
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 32 balances	773.28 us/op	1.5003 ms/op	0.52
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 512 balances	7.3249 ms/op	10.064 ms/op	0.73
BeaconState.hashTreeRoot - 250000 balances	138.85 ms/op	217.01 ms/op	0.64
aggregationBits - 2048 els - zipIndexesInBitList	15.489 us/op	23.527 us/op	0.66
regular array get 100000 times	19.327 us/op	23.440 us/op	0.82
wrappedArray get 100000 times	19.760 us/op	23.564 us/op	0.84
arrayWithProxy get 100000 times	7.4165 ms/op	10.200 ms/op	0.73
ssz.Root.equals	15.453 ns/op	21.843 ns/op	0.71
byteArrayEquals	15.122 ns/op	21.649 ns/op	0.70
Buffer.compare	6.4640 ns/op	9.1460 ns/op	0.71
processSlot - 1 slots	8.4900 us/op	18.703 us/op	0.45
processSlot - 32 slots	1.9648 ms/op	2.8054 ms/op	0.70
getEffectiveBalanceIncrementsZeroInactive - 250000 vs - 7PWei	3.2629 ms/op	9.5095 ms/op	0.34
getCommitteeAssignments - req 1 vs - 250000 vc	1.4545 ms/op	1.7448 ms/op	0.83
getCommitteeAssignments - req 100 vs - 250000 vc	3.3838 ms/op	3.5833 ms/op	0.94
getCommitteeAssignments - req 1000 vs - 250000 vc	3.5395 ms/op	3.8709 ms/op	0.91
findModifiedValidators - 10000 modified validators	762.02 ms/op	1.2604 s/op	0.60
findModifiedValidators - 1000 modified validators	447.49 ms/op	782.76 ms/op	0.57
findModifiedValidators - 100 modified validators	311.58 ms/op	568.20 ms/op	0.55
findModifiedValidators - 10 modified validators	276.19 ms/op	517.19 ms/op	0.53
findModifiedValidators - 1 modified validators	242.32 ms/op	404.72 ms/op	0.60
findModifiedValidators - no difference	193.28 ms/op	396.56 ms/op	0.49
migrate state 1500000 validators, 3400 modified, 2000 new	3.1918 s/op	3.7216 s/op	0.86
RootCache.getBlockRootAtSlot - 250000 vs - 7PWei	2.5300 ns/op	3.3600 ns/op	0.75
state getBlockRootAtSlot - 250000 vs - 7PWei	750.37 ns/op	547.85 ns/op	1.37
computeProposerIndex 100000 validators	1.1084 ms/op	1.2162 ms/op	0.91
getNextSyncCommitteeIndices 1000 validators	135.10 us/op	145.35 us/op	0.93
getNextSyncCommitteeIndices 10000 validators	296.52 us/op	339.88 us/op	0.87
getNextSyncCommitteeIndices 100000 validators	1.9016 ms/op	2.2339 ms/op	0.85
computeProposers - vc 250000	438.19 us/op	452.49 us/op	0.97
computeEpochShuffling - vc 250000	13.298 ms/op	42.156 ms/op	0.32
getNextSyncCommittee - vc 250000	6.9349 ms/op	8.9338 ms/op	0.78
nodejs block root to RootHex using toHex	68.135 ns/op	89.094 ns/op	0.76
nodejs block root to RootHex using toRootHex	42.744 ns/op	58.070 ns/op	0.74
nodejs fromHex(blob)	922.95 us/op	1.0247 ms/op	0.90
nodejs fromHexInto(blob)	53.332 us/op	69.465 us/op	0.77
nodejs block root to RootHex using the deprecated toHexString	503.05 ns/op	587.72 ns/op	0.86
nodejs byteArrayEquals 32 bytes (block root)	17.340 ns/op	24.727 ns/op	0.70
nodejs byteArrayEquals 48 bytes (pubkey)	24.918 ns/op	35.965 ns/op	0.69
nodejs byteArrayEquals 96 bytes (signature)	25.442 ns/op	33.363 ns/op	0.76
nodejs byteArrayEquals 1024 bytes	30.658 ns/op	39.767 ns/op	0.77
nodejs byteArrayEquals 131072 bytes (blob)	942.13 ns/op	1.6772 us/op	0.56
browser block root to RootHex using toHex	108.13 ns/op	137.01 ns/op	0.79
browser block root to RootHex using toRootHex	101.52 ns/op	123.70 ns/op	0.82
browser fromHex(blob)	1.5239 ms/op	1.9428 ms/op	0.78
browser fromHexInto(blob)	434.96 us/op	626.00 us/op	0.69
browser block root to RootHex using the deprecated toHexString	501.54 ns/op	419.99 ns/op	1.19
browser byteArrayEquals 32 bytes (block root)	18.066 ns/op	27.519 ns/op	0.66
browser byteArrayEquals 48 bytes (pubkey)	25.866 ns/op	38.845 ns/op	0.67
browser byteArrayEquals 96 bytes (signature)	48.425 ns/op	73.018 ns/op	0.66
browser byteArrayEquals 1024 bytes	497.00 ns/op	739.23 ns/op	0.67
browser byteArrayEquals 131072 bytes (blob)	62.327 us/op	93.210 us/op	0.67

by benchmarkbot/action

nazarhussain · 2026-10-28T04:40:45Z

🤖 Validated and benchmarked computeExecutionBlockHash against real Sepolia gloas data.

Validation

1000 consecutive finalized gloas envelopes (slots 11451288 to 11452288), all with transactions, fetched from a public Sepolia beacon API.
Computed hash matches payload.block_hash for all 1000, 0 mismatches. These are real EL hashes with real block access lists.
25 blocks carry execution requests, every block has 16 withdrawals, so the requests hash and withdrawals root are covered too.

Also ran the gossip_execution_payload_envelope vectors regenerated with real block hashes (gloas, mainnet and minimal): all 21 cases pass, including all valid*, ignore_duplicate and the new reject_invalid_block_hash. The skip list stays until a spec release ships these vectors for gloas and heze.

Sepolia block shape

Per block	mean	p50	p99	max
Transactions	97	97	150	186
Transaction data	58 KiB	55 KiB	120 KiB	190 KiB
Block access list	41 KiB	39 KiB	88 KiB	141 KiB

Benchmark on the same payloads (ms per block)

Measured on Apple M3 Pro (11 cores, 18 GiB), macOS 27.2, Node v24.22.1 (OpenSSL 3.5.9), single thread, mean of 5 runs per block.

	mean	p50	p90	p99	max
Block hash, native keccak (this PR)	0.48	0.47	0.62	0.88	1.34
Block hash, `ethereum-cryptography` keccak	4.72	4.61	6.73	8.94	13.46
Transactions trie only	0.35	0.34	0.46	0.71	1.48
BAL keccak, native	0.06	0.06	0.08	0.13	0.22
BAL keccak, `ethereum-cryptography`	1.62	1.55	2.32	3.42	5.85

Native keccak is about 10x faster on real blocks. The check adds about 0.5 ms per envelope to gossip validation, under 1.4 ms in the worst block. The transactions trie is about 73% of the remaining cost.

wemeetagain · 2026-10-28T04:59:34Z

Sepolia block shape

those numbers look low. we should try to see what it looks like using 200m gas. Maybe plataberget has different numbers

nazarhussain · 2026-10-28T05:03:45Z

🤖 Same check on mainnet, which has larger blocks than Sepolia.

1000 consecutive finalized mainnet blocks (fulu, slots 15527190 to 15528192): computed hash matches block_hash for all 1000.

Blocks: 238 txs and 166 KiB tx data on average, up to 2574 txs and 805 KiB (Sepolia: 97 txs, 58 KiB).

ms per block	mean	p99	max
Native keccak (this PR)	1.01	4.54	7.88
`ethereum-cryptography` keccak	8.22	22.00	32.25

The transactions trie is ~92% of the cost; the max is the 2574-tx block. Mainnet has no BAL yet; native keccak adds ~1.4 ms per MiB of BAL.

Apple M3 Pro, Node v24.22.1 (OpenSSL 3.5.9), single thread, mean of 5 runs per block.

wemeetagain · 2026-10-28T05:06:59Z

Maybe not worth optimizing, but also curious what napi bound computeExecutionBlockHash numbers look like (probably passing serialized payload instead of deserialized payload).

wemeetagain · 2026-10-28T05:12:02Z

I don't have any strong data, but my gut is I don't like anything 5ms or more on main thread if we can help it.

nazarhussain · 2026-10-28T05:31:15Z

🤖 Same check on Platåberget (glamsterdam-devnet-8, 200M gas limit): 1000 envelopes with ≥150M gas used (slots 333469 to 346206), all hashes match.

At 200M gas the block access list (BAL) dominates, while txs stay small:

Per block	mean	p50	p99	max
Gas used	173M	161M	200M	200M
Txs	84	100	168	190
Tx data	46 KiB	41 KiB	111 KiB	177 KiB
BAL	903 KiB	1266 KiB	1604 KiB	1630 KiB

ms per block	mean	p50	p99	max
Block hash, native keccak (this PR)	1.66	1.95	2.71	5.40
Block hash, `ethereum-cryptography` keccak	38.63	50.32	66.46	266.44
BAL keccak only, native	1.28	1.76	2.26	5.23
BAL keccak only, `ethereum-cryptography`	35.82	49.33	63.10	149.66
Transactions trie only	0.31	0.33	0.66	7.26

Largest block on the chain (slot 77962, 2394 txs, 542 KiB): 9.0 ms native, 42.7 ms with ethereum-cryptography.

Apple M3 Pro, Node v24.22.1 (OpenSSL 3.5.9).

nazarhussain · 2026-10-28T08:49:06Z

🤖 Check order: block hash vs signature, following feedback on the spec PR.

The signature check is not cheap: before the ~1 ms BLS verify it computes the envelope signing root, a hash_tree_root over every transaction. Worst case is junk txs up to MAX_TRANSACTIONS_PER_PAYLOAD (1M x 5 B fits in ~9 MiB):

Payload	Block hash	Signing root	BLS verify
2000 txs x 2 KB (3.8 MiB)	15 ms	201 ms	1.1 ms
10k txs x 5 B (0.09 MiB)	20 ms	51 ms	1.1 ms
100k txs x 5 B (0.86 MiB)	174 ms	453 ms	1.1 ms
1M txs x 5 B (9 MiB)	2.6 s	5.3 s	1.1 ms

Hash first rejects junk with a wrong hash for the block hash cost alone. A junk envelope crafted with a correct hash pays both checks, ~1.5x the signature-first cost.
So spec order is the better trade. Switching this PR to check the hash before the signature.
Cost scales with tx count, not bytes, for both checks. The signing root exposure predates this PR (beacon block signing roots include payload txs since bellatrix) and deserves a separate issue.

Apple M3 Pro, Node v24.22.1, single thread.

Follow the spec order. The signature check computes the envelope signing root over every transaction, which costs more than the block hash, so rejecting a wrong hash first is the cheaper path. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

An empty transaction is a deletion in the transactions trie, so trailing empty transactions do not change the block hash. A builder could sign such a variant, pass the block hash check and take the seen slot, while the EL rejects the payload. Reject it before hashing, as verify_and_notify_new_payload does. Add a gossip handler test that a signed variant is rejected and not marked seen, and the committed envelope is still accepted. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Plot p50, p90, p99 and mean of lodestar_gossip_execution_payload_envelope_block_hash_seconds in the Gossip Execution Payload Envelope Validation row of the networking dashboard. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Follow consensus-specs#5770 (5d3eb185): REJECT an envelope whose parent beacon block root differs from the block's parent root, whose prev_randao or gas_limit differ from the bid, or whose parent_hash, timestamp or withdrawals differ from the block's post-state. The post-state is now loaded before the block hash so these cheap checks reject a mismatched payload before it is hashed. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

nflaig · 2026-10-29T05:40:55Z

+  // An empty transaction is a deletion in the transactions trie, so trailing empty transactions would not change
+  // the block hash. The EL rejects such a payload, as `verify_and_notify_new_payload` does before hashing.
+  for (let i = 0; i < payload.transactions.length; i++) {
+    if (payload.transactions.getSize(i) === 0) {


is that part of the spec? I know that we added something similar for inclusion lists but I am skeptical why we need all of these checks on gossip here, in case of empty transactions, could we reject this already during serialization?

Yes it's part of the specs now, added via ethereum/consensus-specs@a640e7e

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

consensus-specs#5770 (5d3eb18) adds an optional payload field to meta.yaml blocks entries. Record that envelope as on_execution_payload_envelope would, so blocks building on the parent's full payload can be imported. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

chatgpt-codex-connector · 2026-10-30T11:47:33Z

Codex Review Summary

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Review	Status	Commit	Review trigger
📝 Code Review	✅ Completed 2026-10-30T11:49:13.845910Z	`1b66137`	Draft marked ready

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nazarhussain and others added 6 commits October 28, 2026 08:07

test: benchmark execution block hash

8cfd6d7

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

github-project-automation Bot added this to Lodestar Team Coordination Oct 28, 2026

github-project-automation Bot moved this to In Progress in Lodestar Team Coordination Oct 28, 2026

nazarhussain changed the title ~~feat: reject gossip envelopes whose payload does not match its block hash~~ feat: reject gossip envelopes if payload does not match its block hash Oct 28, 2026

nflaig reviewed Oct 28, 2026

View reviewed changes

test: seed spec envelope input with custody columns

0059bf4

Match the gossip block handler, which seeds the envelope input with the node's sampled and custody columns. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

nazarhussain mentioned this pull request Oct 28, 2026

Align execution payload gossip validation with fork choice ethereum/consensus-specs#5770

Open

nazarhussain and others added 5 commits October 28, 2026 16:36

feat: add gossip envelope block hash time metric

391d521

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

test: verify block hash against a real Sepolia gloas envelope

0c68ef3

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

nflaig reviewed Oct 29, 2026

View reviewed changes

nazarhussain and others added 2 commits October 29, 2026 22:00

test: drop envelope gossip unit tests covered by spec vectors

9a44da3

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

nazarhussain marked this pull request as ready for review October 30, 2026 11:47

nazarhussain requested a review from a team as a code owner October 30, 2026 11:47

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