diff --git a/tests/test_mount_paths.py b/tests/test_mount_paths.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..992b13d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_mount_paths.py
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""Keep observed container paths distinct from monitored host backing paths.
+
+A temporary watched directory stands in for a node policy's /etc. These tests
+exercise the output path contract, not Sensor policy evaluation. A matching
+container path may still be collected, but must not acquire an unrelated host
+path. No real host /etc files are modified.
+
+See #2130 for the wider policy problem and #1595 for related absolute-symlink
+host/container path confusion. #1595 documents missed descendant events; this
+file targets incorrect nonempty host-path attribution, which still needs a
+reproducing mount layout.
+
+- https://github.com/stackrox/fact/issues/2130
+- https://github.com/stackrox/fact/issues/1595
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+import re
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+
+import docker
+import docker.models.containers
+import pytest
+
+from event import Event, EventType, Process
+from server import EventServer
+
+# Mount matrix: W = watched host directory, S = unwatched scratch directory,
+# A = /unmonitored container alias, N = nested directory, f = test filename.
+# Mount arrows run from host source to container destination.
+#
+# Case          | Mounts          | Observed path | Allowed host_path
+# --------------|-----------------|---------------|------------------
+# shadow        | S -> W          | W/f           | empty or S/f
+# same-path     | W -> W          | W/f           | W/f
+# alias         | W -> A          | A/f           | W/f
+# nested-shadow | W -> W, S -> W/N| W/N/f         | empty or S/f
+#
+# Each row runs existing-file OPEN and new-file CREATE over gRPC and OTEL
+# (16 cases). Shadow cases must never be attributed to the watched host path;
+# genuine host mounts must keep that attribution even through another alias.
+#
+# These are passing regression guards, not expected failures: all 16 passed
+# against main 661acec004 before any mount-lookup fix. They do not exercise
+# Sensor/node-policy matching. A reproducer for that separate issue belongs
+# at the policy layer; do not add xfail here to represent an unproven failure.
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(params=['shadow', 'same-path', 'alias', 'nested-shadow'])
+def mount_layout(
+    request: pytest.FixtureRequest,
+    monitored_dir: str,
+    ignored_dir: str,
+) -> tuple[dict, str, str, str]:
+    # Seed both possible backing locations before Fact's initial inode scan.
+    # Existing-file OPEN must work without relying on a prior CREATE event.
+    nested = os.path.join(monitored_dir, 'nested')
+    os.mkdir(nested)
+    for directory in (monitored_dir, nested, ignored_dir):
+        with open(os.path.join(directory, 'existing.txt'), 'w') as f:
+            f.write(directory)
+
+    watched_mount = {'bind': monitored_dir, 'mode': 'z'}
+    match request.param:
+        case 'shadow':
+            return (
+                {ignored_dir: watched_mount},
+                monitored_dir,
+                ignored_dir,
+                '',
+            )
+        case 'same-path':
+            return (
+                {monitored_dir: watched_mount},
+                monitored_dir,
+                monitored_dir,
+                monitored_dir,
+            )
+        case 'alias':
+            return (
+                {monitored_dir: {'bind': '/unmonitored', 'mode': 'z'}},
+                '/unmonitored',
+                monitored_dir,
+                monitored_dir,
+            )
+        case 'nested-shadow':
+            return (
+                {
+                    monitored_dir: watched_mount,
+                    ignored_dir: {'bind': nested, 'mode': 'z'},
+                },
+                nested,
+                ignored_dir,
+                '',
+            )
+        case _:
+            raise AssertionError(f'Unknown mount case: {request.param}')
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fact_config(
+    fact_config: tuple[dict, str],
+    mount_layout: tuple[dict, str, str, str],
+) -> tuple[dict, str]:
+    # Force mount_layout's file creation before the autouse Fact fixture starts.
+    return fact_config
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def writer(
+    docker_client: docker.DockerClient,
+    mount_layout: tuple[dict, str, str, str],
+    logs_dir: str,
+) -> Iterator[docker.models.containers.Container]:
+    volumes, _, _, _ = mount_layout
+    container = docker_client.containers.run(
+        'quay.io/fedora/fedora:43',
+        command=['sleep', 'infinity'],
+        detach=True,
+        volumes=volumes,
+    )
+    try:
+        container.reload()
+        with open(os.path.join(logs_dir, 'writer-inspect.json'), 'w') as f:
+            json.dump(container.attrs, f, indent=2)
+        yield container
+    finally:
+        container.stop(timeout=1)
+        container.remove()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('existing', [True, False], ids=['open', 'create'])
+def test_container_mount_path_identity(
+    mount_layout: tuple[dict, str, str, str],
+    writer: docker.models.containers.Container,
+    server: EventServer,
+    existing: bool,
+):
+    _, destination, source, expected_host_dir = mount_layout
+    filename = 'existing.txt' if existing else 'created.txt'
+    observed_path = os.path.join(destination, filename)
+    source_path = os.path.join(source, filename)
+    expected_host_path = (
+        os.path.join(expected_host_dir, filename)
+        if expected_host_dir
+        # An unresolved path is valid today; future enrichment may resolve the
+        # actual source. Neither may falsely claim the watched host directory.
+        else re.compile(rf'^(?:{re.escape(source_path)})?\Z')
+    )
+    assert writer.id is not None
+    command = f'touch {observed_path}'
+    result = writer.exec_run(command)
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
+    assert os.path.isfile(source_path), 'write must reach the selected source'
+
+    server.wait_events(
+        [
+            Event(
+                process=Process.in_container(
+                    exe_path='/usr/bin/touch',
+                    args=command,
+                    name='touch',
+                    container_id=writer.id[:12],
+                ),
+                event_type=EventType.OPEN if existing else EventType.CREATION,
+                file=observed_path,
+                host_path=expected_host_path,
+            ),
+        ]
+    )