operator overloading is confusing to students

[zhytkovd]

Add an explanation in the book about the & operator in the friend function.

Example:
friend ostream & operator << (ostream & stream, const Fraction & frac)

[pearcej]

I was teaching when this was posted, so I understand the points of confusion, and there are several:

1. The first point is what the poster commented on, namely, how "&operator << " operates and why the & is needed there.
2. The second point is how "&operator << " essentially operates like the "function name" would.
3. The third point is the disconnect between const and pass-by reference in something like "const Fraction & frac"

These all seem to be valid points of confusion and need to be addressed, if they are not already, which also needs to be checked.