diff --git a/lib/internal/async_context_frame.js b/lib/internal/async_context_frame.js
index c12e74124a25..2807d297c7e7 100644
--- a/lib/internal/async_context_frame.js
+++ b/lib/internal/async_context_frame.js
@@ -9,9 +9,18 @@ const {
   setContinuationPreservedEmbedderData,
 } = internalBinding('async_context_frame');
 
+function copyEntry(value, key) {
+  this.set(key, value);
+}
+
 class AsyncContextFrame extends SafeMap {
   constructor(store, data) {
-    super(AsyncContextFrame.current());
+    super();
+    // Avoid the iterator protocol.
+    const prior = AsyncContextFrame.current();
+    if (prior !== undefined) {
+      prior.forEach(copyEntry, this);
+    }
     this.set(store, data);
   }
 
diff --git a/lib/internal/async_local_storage/async_context_frame.js b/lib/internal/async_local_storage/async_context_frame.js
index 0fd20b79535d..fdb34f3d4c48 100644
--- a/lib/internal/async_local_storage/async_context_frame.js
+++ b/lib/internal/async_local_storage/async_context_frame.js
@@ -61,11 +61,20 @@ class AsyncLocalStorage {
     if (ObjectIs(prior, data)) {
       return ReflectApply(fn, null, args);
     }
-    this.enterWith(data);
+    const priorFrame = AsyncContextFrame.current();
+    const frame = new AsyncContextFrame(this, data);
+    const size = frame.size;
+    AsyncContextFrame.set(frame);
     try {
       return ReflectApply(fn, null, args);
     } finally {
-      this.enterWith(prior);
+      // Frames are only ever deleted from, so the same frame with the same
+      // size is untouched. Otherwise keep what fn() changed.
+      if (AsyncContextFrame.current() === frame && frame.size === size) {
+        AsyncContextFrame.set(priorFrame);
+      } else {
+        this.enterWith(prior);
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -75,10 +84,14 @@ class AsyncLocalStorage {
 
   getStore() {
     const frame = AsyncContextFrame.current();
-    if (!frame?.has(this)) {
+    if (frame === undefined) {
+      return this.#defaultValue;
+    }
+    const value = frame.get(this);
+    if (value === undefined && !frame.has(this)) {
       return this.#defaultValue;
     }
-    return frame?.get(this);
+    return value;
   }
 
   withScope(store) {
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-async-local-storage-run-restore.js b/test/parallel/test-async-local-storage-run-restore.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5f10fd95efce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-async-local-storage-run-restore.js
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+'use strict';
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const { AsyncLocalStorage } = require('async_hooks');
+
+// Verify which store values are visible after asyncLocalStorage.run() returns.
+
+{
+  const als1 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+  const als2 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+
+  als1.run('outer', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als1.run('inner', common.mustCall(() => {
+      als2.enterWith('entered');
+      als1.enterWith('replaced');
+      assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'replaced');
+      assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'entered');
+    }));
+    assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'outer');
+    assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'entered');
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'entered');
+  als2.disable();
+}
+
+{
+  // enterWith() inside a run() with an unchanged value.
+  const als1 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+  const als2 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+
+  als1.run(NaN, common.mustCall(() => {
+    als1.run(NaN, common.mustCall(() => {
+      als2.enterWith('entered');
+    }));
+    assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'entered');
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'entered');
+  als2.disable();
+}
+
+{
+  const als1 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+  const als2 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+  const als3 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+
+  als2.enterWith('store2');
+  als1.run('store1', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als3.disable();
+    als2.disable();
+    assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'store1');
+    assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), undefined);
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), undefined);
+  assert.strictEqual(als3.getStore(), undefined);
+
+  als1.run('outer', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als1.run('inner', common.mustCall(() => {
+      als1.disable();
+      assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+    }));
+    assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'outer');
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+
+  als2.enterWith('store2');
+  als1.run('store1', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als3.disable();
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'store2');
+  als2.disable();
+}
+
+{
+  // A store holding undefined does not fall back to defaultValue.
+  const als = new AsyncLocalStorage({ defaultValue: 'default' });
+  const other = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+
+  assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+  als.run(undefined, common.mustCall(() => {
+    assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), undefined);
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+
+  als.run('value', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als.exit(common.mustCall(() => {
+      assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), undefined);
+    }));
+    als.run(undefined, common.mustCall(() => {
+      assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), undefined);
+    }));
+    assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'value');
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+
+  other.run('other', common.mustCall(() => {
+    assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+    als.run(undefined, common.mustCall(() => {
+      assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), undefined);
+      assert.strictEqual(other.getStore(), 'other');
+    }));
+    assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+  assert.strictEqual(other.getStore(), undefined);
+
+  als.run('value', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als.disable();
+    assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als.getStore(), 'default');
+}
+
+{
+  const als1 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+  const als2 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+
+  als1.run('outer', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als2.run('store2', common.mustCall(() => {
+      assert.throws(() => {
+        als1.run('inner', common.mustCall(() => {
+          assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'inner');
+          throw new Error('boom');
+        }));
+      }, /boom/);
+      assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'outer');
+      assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'store2');
+    }));
+  }));
+
+  assert.throws(() => {
+    als1.run('value', common.mustCall(() => {
+      throw new Error('boom');
+    }));
+  }, /boom/);
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), undefined);
+}
+
+{
+  const als1 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+  const als2 = new AsyncLocalStorage();
+
+  als1.run('a1', common.mustCall(() => {
+    als2.run('b1', common.mustCall(() => {
+      als1.run('a2', common.mustCall(() => {
+        assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'a2');
+        assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'b1');
+        setImmediate(common.mustCall(() => {
+          assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'a2');
+          assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'b1');
+        }));
+      }));
+      assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'a1');
+      assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'b1');
+      als2.run('b2', common.mustCall(() => {
+        assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'a1');
+        assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'b2');
+      }));
+      assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'b1');
+    }));
+    assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'a1');
+    assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), undefined);
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), undefined);
+
+  const promise = als1.run('async', common.mustCall(async () => {
+    await 1;
+    assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'async');
+    await als2.run('nested', common.mustCall(async () => {
+      await 1;
+      assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), 'async');
+      assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), 'nested');
+    }));
+    assert.strictEqual(als2.getStore(), undefined);
+    return als1.getStore();
+  }));
+  assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  promise.then(common.mustCall((value) => {
+    assert.strictEqual(value, 'async');
+    assert.strictEqual(als1.getStore(), undefined);
+  }));
+}