diff --git a/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh b/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh
index 18c301c5fdac..0863afc13a28 100755
--- a/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh
+++ b/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh
@@ -146,12 +146,19 @@ if [ "${ARROW_USE_MESON:-OFF}" = "OFF" ] && \
   cmake \
     -S "${source_dir}/examples/minimal_build" \
     -B "${build_dir}/examples/minimal_build" \
+    -DARROW_EXAMPLE_S3_STATIC_CHECK=ON \
     -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}"
   cmake --build "${build_dir}/examples/minimal_build"
   pushd "${source_dir}/examples/minimal_build"
   # PATH= is for Windows.
   PATH="${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:-${ARROW_HOME}}/bin:${PATH}" \
     "${build_dir}/examples/minimal_build/arrow-example"
+  # Test static linking with S3
+  s3_example="${build_dir}/examples/minimal_build/arrow-example-s3-static"
+  if [ -x "${s3_example}" ]; then
+    PATH="${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:-${ARROW_HOME}}/bin:${PATH}" \
+      "${s3_example}"
+  fi
   popd
 fi
 
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
index 2b703a3e1ca3..9d2e1d2756bf 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
@@ -1419,6 +1419,27 @@ macro(find_curl ARROW_CURL_PACKAGE_PREFIX)
   endif()
 endmacro()
 
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# pkg-config
+
+# SDK libraries (on macOS) may be available without .pc files
+macro(arrow_append_pc_system_library PC_PACKAGE PC_PREFIX FALLBACK)
+  find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
+  if(PkgConfig_FOUND)
+    pkg_check_modules(${PC_PREFIX}
+                      ${PC_PACKAGE}
+                      NO_CMAKE_PATH
+                      NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
+                      QUIET)
+  endif()
+  if(PkgConfig_FOUND AND ${PC_PREFIX}_FOUND)
+    string(APPEND ARROW_PC_REQUIRES_PRIVATE " ${PC_PACKAGE}")
+  else()
+    message(STATUS "No .pc for ${PC_PACKAGE}. Using ${FALLBACK} in arrow.pc")
+    string(APPEND ARROW_PC_LIBS_PRIVATE " ${FALLBACK}")
+  endif()
+endmacro()
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Snappy
 
@@ -4346,6 +4367,25 @@ if(ARROW_WITH_AZURE_SDK)
   resolve_dependency(Azure REQUIRED_VERSION 1.10.2)
   set(AZURE_SDK_LINK_LIBRARIES Azure::azure-storage-files-datalake
                                Azure::azure-storage-blobs Azure::azure-identity)
+  if(AZURE_SDK_VENDORED AND NOT WIN32)
+    find_curl(ARROW)
+    find_package(LibXml2 REQUIRED)
+    list(APPEND ARROW_SYSTEM_DEPENDENCIES LibXml2)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if(ARROW_BUILD_STATIC)
+  if((ARROW_GCS AND google_cloud_cpp_storage_SOURCE STREQUAL "BUNDLED")
+     OR (ARROW_AZURE
+         AND AZURE_SDK_VENDORED
+         AND NOT WIN32))
+    arrow_append_pc_system_library("libcurl" ARROW_CURL_PC "-lcurl")
+  endif()
+  if(ARROW_AZURE
+     AND AZURE_SDK_VENDORED
+     AND NOT WIN32)
+    arrow_append_pc_system_library("libxml-2.0" ARROW_LIBXML2_PC "-lxml2")
+  endif()
 endif()
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/cpp/examples/minimal_build/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/examples/minimal_build/CMakeLists.txt
index d0a0a1e0a221..e1a9217401f2 100644
--- a/cpp/examples/minimal_build/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/examples/minimal_build/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -49,3 +49,21 @@ if(ARROW_LINK_SHARED)
 else()
   target_link_libraries(arrow-example PRIVATE Arrow::arrow_static)
 endif()
+
+option(ARROW_EXAMPLE_S3_STATIC_CHECK "Verify S3 and static linking" OFF)
+# Check only when Arrow got built with S3 by ArrowOptions.cmake via find_package
+if(ARROW_EXAMPLE_S3_STATIC_CHECK
+   AND ARROW_S3
+   AND TARGET Arrow::arrow_static)
+  find_package(ArrowS3 REQUIRED)
+  if(NOT TARGET ArrowS3::arrow_s3_static)
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "ArrowS3::arrow_s3_static not found")
+  endif()
+  add_executable(arrow-example-s3-static example.cc)
+  target_compile_definitions(arrow-example-s3-static
+                             PRIVATE ARROW_EXAMPLE_S3_STATIC_CHECK)
+  target_link_libraries(arrow-example-s3-static PRIVATE ArrowS3::arrow_s3_static)
+elseif(ARROW_EXAMPLE_S3_STATIC_CHECK)
+  message(STATUS "Skipping arrow-example-s3-static: "
+                 "requires ARROW_S3 and Arrow::arrow_static")
+endif()
diff --git a/cpp/examples/minimal_build/example.cc b/cpp/examples/minimal_build/example.cc
index 9bfb9953edca..f600f9429d6f 100644
--- a/cpp/examples/minimal_build/example.cc
+++ b/cpp/examples/minimal_build/example.cc
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 // under the License.
 
 #include <arrow/csv/api.h>
+#ifdef ARROW_EXAMPLE_S3_STATIC_CHECK
+#  include <arrow/filesystem/s3fs.h>
+#endif
 #include <arrow/io/api.h>
 #include <arrow/ipc/api.h>
 #include <arrow/pretty_print.h>
@@ -54,6 +57,12 @@ Status RunMain(int argc, char** argv) {
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(batch_writer->WriteTable(*table));
   ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(batch_writer->Close());
 
+#ifdef ARROW_EXAMPLE_S3_STATIC_CHECK
+  std::cerr << "* Verify S3 initializes and finalizes" << std::endl;
+  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(arrow::fs::EnsureS3Initialized());
+  ARROW_RETURN_NOT_OK(arrow::fs::EnsureS3Finalized());
+#endif
+
   return Status::OK();
 }
 
diff --git a/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
index d2b3eac7792e..21aeabfa153c 100644
--- a/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -36,6 +36,18 @@ set(ARROW_STATIC_INSTALL_INTERFACE_LIBS)
 if(ARROW_GCS)
   if(google_cloud_cpp_storage_SOURCE STREQUAL "SYSTEM")
     list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_INSTALL_INTERFACE_LIBS google-cloud-cpp::storage)
+  elseif(google_cloud_cpp_storage_SOURCE STREQUAL "BUNDLED")
+    list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_INSTALL_INTERFACE_LIBS CURL::libcurl)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if(ARROW_AZURE)
+  if(Azure_SOURCE STREQUAL "SYSTEM")
+    list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_INSTALL_INTERFACE_LIBS ${AZURE_SDK_LINK_LIBRARIES})
+  elseif(Azure_SOURCE STREQUAL "BUNDLED")
+    if(NOT WIN32)
+      list(APPEND ARROW_STATIC_INSTALL_INTERFACE_LIBS CURL::libcurl LibXml2::LibXml2)
+    endif()
   endif()
 endif()
 
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-forky/Dockerfile b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-forky/Dockerfile
index 674e16d705a8..d9246d37c917 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-forky/Dockerfile
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-forky/Dockerfile
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ RUN \
     libssl-dev \
     libthrift-dev \
     libutf8proc-dev \
+    libxml2-dev \
     libxxhash-dev \
     libzstd-dev \
     llvm-dev \
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-trixie/Dockerfile b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-trixie/Dockerfile
index 2c9927684181..66548e8c2f00 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-trixie/Dockerfile
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/debian-trixie/Dockerfile
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ RUN \
     libssl-dev \
     libthrift-dev \
     libutf8proc-dev \
+    libxml2-dev \
     libxxhash-dev \
     libzstd-dev \
     llvm-dev \
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-jammy/Dockerfile b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-jammy/Dockerfile
index 644bc695bbd9..a5b732689bac 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-jammy/Dockerfile
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-jammy/Dockerfile
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ RUN \
     libssl-dev \
     libthrift-dev \
     libutf8proc-dev \
+    libxml2-dev \
     libxxhash-dev \
     libzstd-dev \
     llvm-dev \
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-noble/Dockerfile b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-noble/Dockerfile
index 496609a8925b..7e9119d313ed 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-noble/Dockerfile
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-noble/Dockerfile
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ RUN \
     libssl-dev \
     libthrift-dev \
     libutf8proc-dev \
+    libxml2-dev \
     libxxhash-dev \
     libzstd-dev \
     llvm-dev \
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-resolute/Dockerfile b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-resolute/Dockerfile
index 19f1434b7f6d..b1bc2f4dd173 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-resolute/Dockerfile
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/apt/ubuntu-resolute/Dockerfile
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ RUN \
     libssl-dev \
     libthrift-dev \
     libutf8proc-dev \
+    libxml2-dev \
     libxxhash-dev \
     libzstd-dev \
     llvm-dev \
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/control.in b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/control.in
index b66fe53dbaaf..2aad235b9362 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/control.in
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/debian/control.in
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ Build-Depends:
   libssl-dev,
   libthrift-dev,
   libutf8proc-dev,
+  libxml2-dev,
   libxxhash-dev,
   libzstd-dev,
   meson,
@@ -185,6 +186,7 @@ Depends:
   libsnappy-dev,
   libssl-dev,
   libutf8proc-dev,
+  libxml2-dev,
   libxxhash-dev,
   libzstd-dev,
   nlohmann-json-dev | nlohmann-json3-dev,
diff --git a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in
index 5e6646f3864e..91255b8c2740 100644
--- a/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in
+++ b/dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in
@@ -277,6 +277,7 @@ Requires:	curl-devel
 %if %{use_gcs} && !%{use_bundled_nlohmann_json}
 Requires:	json-devel
 %endif
+Requires:	libxml2-devel
 Requires:	libzstd-devel
 Requires:	lz4-devel %{lz4_requirement}
 Requires:	openssl-devel