diff --git a/docs/release-notes.md b/docs/release-notes.md
index 1f1f48a0..0d4f1c5a 100644
--- a/docs/release-notes.md
+++ b/docs/release-notes.md
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 ## Upcoming Version
 
-*
+* Deprecate the argument `extend_by_vres` of `pm.powerplants()` and the function `extend_by_VRE()`. Both will be removed in v0.11.0. Wind and solar power plants are already included from GEM and MASTR, and the option added them again from outdated OPSD data (2020). ([#232](https://github.com/PyPSA/powerplantmatching/issues/232))
+    * Bugfix: `pm.powerplants(from_url=True)` now applies `extend_by_vres` like the other code paths, and the deprecated argument `extendby_kwargs` now raises a `FutureWarning` instead of a logging error.
 
 ## [v0.9.0](https://github.com/PyPSA/powerplantmatching/releases/tag/v0.9.0) (3rd October 2026)
 
diff --git a/powerplantmatching/collection.py b/powerplantmatching/collection.py
index a677ae52..99be0eb0 100644
--- a/powerplantmatching/collection.py
+++ b/powerplantmatching/collection.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 import logging
 import os
+import warnings
 
 import pandas as pd
 from deprecation import deprecated
@@ -143,8 +144,10 @@ def powerplants(
             Configuration input dictionary to be merged into the default
             configuration data
     extend_by_vres : Boolean, default False
-            Whether extend the dataset by variable renewable energy sources
-            given by powerplantmatching.data.OPSD_VRE()
+            Deprecated since v0.10.0 and will be removed in v0.11.0. Wind and
+            solar power plants are already included from GEM and MASTR. This
+            option adds them again from the outdated
+            powerplantmatching.data.OPSD_VRE() and counts them twice.
     extendby_kwargs : Dict,
             Dict of keyword arguments passed to powerplantmatchting.
             heuristics.extend_by_non_matched
@@ -164,6 +167,15 @@ def powerplants(
     """
     from . import latest_release
 
+    if extend_by_vres:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "`extend_by_vres` is deprecated and will be removed in v0.11.0. Wind "
+            "and solar power plants are already included from GEM and MASTR. "
+            "This option adds them again from outdated OPSD data (2020).",
+            FutureWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
     if config is None:
         if config_update is None:
             config = get_config()
@@ -180,9 +192,10 @@ def powerplants(
         msg = "The following arguments were deprecated and are being ignored: "
         logger.warning(msg + f"{used_deprecated_args}")
     if extendby_kwargs:
-        logger.warning(
-            DeprecationWarning,
-            "`extendby_kwargs` is deprecated in the favor of extend_by_kwargs",
+        warnings.warn(
+            "`extendby_kwargs` is deprecated in favor of `extend_by_kwargs`",
+            FutureWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
         )
         extend_by_kwargs.update(extendby_kwargs)
 
@@ -206,6 +219,10 @@ def powerplants(
         )
         logger.info(f"Store data at {fn}")
         df.to_csv(fn)
+        if extend_by_vres:
+            return df.pipe(
+                extend_by_VRE, config=config, base_year=config["opsd_vres_base_year"]
+            )
         return df
 
     if not update and os.path.exists(fn):
diff --git a/powerplantmatching/heuristics.py b/powerplantmatching/heuristics.py
index d48b3794..1b621415 100644
--- a/powerplantmatching/heuristics.py
+++ b/powerplantmatching/heuristics.py
@@ -189,6 +189,11 @@ def fill_missing_duration(df):
     return df
 
 
+@deprecated(
+    deprecated_in="0.10.0",
+    removed_in="0.11.0",
+    details="Wind and solar power plants are already included from GEM and MASTR.",
+)
 def extend_by_VRE(df, config=None, base_year=2017, prune_beyond=True):
     """
     Extends a given reduced dataframe by externally given VREs.
diff --git a/test/test_data.py b/test/test_data.py
index d3614371..9c1294da 100755
--- a/test/test_data.py
+++ b/test/test_data.py
@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
+import pandas as pd
 import pytest
+from deprecation import DeprecatedWarning
 
 import powerplantmatching as pm
 from powerplantmatching import data
+from powerplantmatching.core import _data_out, package_config
 
 config = pm.get_config()
 sources = [s if isinstance(s, str) else list(s)[0] for s in config["matching_sources"]]
@@ -64,3 +67,32 @@ def test_reduced_retrieval():
     config["matching_sources"] = ["GEO", "GPD"]
     config["fully_included_sources"] = []
     pm.powerplants(reduced=False, config=config)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def cached_config(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setitem(package_config, "data_dir", tmp_path)
+    config = pm.get_config()
+    columns = config["target_columns"]
+    fn = _data_out("matched_data_red.csv", config)
+    plant = {"Name": ["A"], "Fueltype": ["Hydro"], "EIC": ["{}"], "projectID": ["{}"]}
+    pd.DataFrame(plant, columns=columns).to_csv(fn)
+    config["matched_data_url"] = fn
+    vre = pd.DataFrame({"Name": ["B"], "Fueltype": ["Solar"]}, columns=columns)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(data, "OPSD_VRE", lambda config: vre)
+    return config
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("from_url", [False, True])
+def test_extend_by_vres_deprecated(cached_config, from_url):
+    with pytest.warns(FutureWarning, match="extend_by_vres"):
+        with pytest.warns(DeprecatedWarning, match="extend_by_VRE"):
+            df = pm.powerplants(
+                config=cached_config, from_url=from_url, extend_by_vres=True
+            )
+    assert df.Fueltype.tolist() == ["Hydro", "Solar"]
+
+
+def test_extendby_kwargs_deprecated(cached_config):
+    with pytest.warns(FutureWarning, match="extendby_kwargs"):
+        pm.powerplants(config=cached_config, extendby_kwargs={"query": None})