diff --git a/.github/workflows/push.yaml b/.github/workflows/push.yaml
index 8605abf3c..3ae5c698b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/push.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/push.yaml
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ jobs:
           FOLDER: docs/_build/html # The folder the action should deploy.
   Publish:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: Test
     if: |
       (github.repository == 'PolicyEngine/policyengine-core')
       && (github.event.head_commit.message == 'Update PolicyEngine Core')
diff --git a/changelog.d/fix-publish-needs-test.fixed.md b/changelog.d/fix-publish-needs-test.fixed.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e37fd7989
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/fix-publish-needs-test.fixed.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+The release workflow now publishes to PyPI only after the Test job passes, instead of running Publish beside Test.
diff --git a/tests/core/test_release_tagging.py b/tests/core/test_release_tagging.py
index 64b88f3f3..8ebc66c59 100644
--- a/tests/core/test_release_tagging.py
+++ b/tests/core/test_release_tagging.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+import re
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
+import yaml
 
 
 ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
@@ -154,3 +156,32 @@ def test_publish_workflow_tags_only_after_pypi_succeeds():
     assert "fetch-depth: 0" in publish_job
     assert publish_job.index(tag_step) > publish_job.index(publish_step)
     assert "publish-git-tag.sh || true" not in publish_job
+
+
+def test_publish_workflow_publishes_only_after_tests_pass():
+    # Without ``needs: Test``, Publish ran beside Test, so a release could
+    # reach PyPI while its tests were still running or after they failed.
+    jobs = yaml.safe_load(PUSH_WORKFLOW.read_text())["jobs"]
+    publishing = [
+        name
+        for name, job in jobs.items()
+        if any(
+            "gh-action-pypi-publish" in step.get("uses", "")
+            for step in job.get("steps", [])
+        )
+    ]
+
+    assert publishing == ["Publish"]
+    needs = jobs["Publish"].get("needs", [])
+    assert "Test" in ([needs] if isinstance(needs, str) else needs)
+    # A job that needs Test is skipped whenever Test is, so both must run on
+    # the same commits for releases to happen at all.
+    assert jobs["Publish"]["if"] == jobs["Test"]["if"]
+    # A status function such as always() would let Publish run after a
+    # failed Test; without one, Publish runs only when Test succeeds.
+    # (Expression function names are matched case-insensitively.)
+    assert not re.search(
+        r"\b(always|failure|cancelled|success)\s*\(",
+        jobs["Publish"]["if"],
+        re.IGNORECASE,
+    )